PART I.—POPULATION TABLES.

INHABITANTS AND HOUSES;

SHOWING THE NUMBERS AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE PEOPLE.

POPULATION ENUMERATED 7TH APRIL, 1861.

PRESENTED TO BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT BY HIS EXCELLENCY'S COMMAND.

BY AUTHORITY:

JOHN FERRES, GOVERNMENT PRINTER, MELBOURNE.

CONTENTS.

REPORT

INCREASE OF POPULATION IN COUNTIES

HOUSE ACCOMMODATION IN COUNTIES

POPULATION IN RELATION TO LAND AND CULTIVATION IN COUNTIES

PARLIAMENTARY DIVISIONS—

ELECTORAL PROVINCES INCREASE OF POPULATION

ELECTORAL PROVINCES PROPORTION OF ELECTORS TO INHABITANTS AND TO HOUSES

ELECTORAL DISTRICTS PROPORTION OF REPRESENTATIVES TO ELECTORS AND OF ELECTORS TO MALE INHABITANTS AND HOUSES

ELECTORAL DISTRICTS HOUSES ACCOMMODATION

INCREASE OF POPULATION IN THE SEAPORT AND CERTAIN INLAND MUNICIPALITIES

GENERAL SUMMARY BY COUNTIES

GENERAL SUMMARY BY ELECTORAL PROVINCES

GENERAL SUMMARY BY ELECTORAL DISTRICTS

CORPORATE TOWNS AND MUNICIPALITIES

MINING DISTRICTS

TOWNS AND VILLAGES

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF ANGLESEY

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF BOURKE

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF DALHOUSIE

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF DUNDAS

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF EVELYN

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF FOLLETT

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF GRANT

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF GRENVILLE

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF HAMPDEN

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF HEYTESBURY

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF MORNINGTON

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF NORMANBY

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF POLWARTH

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF RIPON

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF TALBOT

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE COUNTY OF VILLIERS

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE DISTRICT OF GIPPS LAND

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE DISTRICT OF THE LODDON

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE DISTRICT OF RODNEY (UNPROCLAIMED COUNTY)

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE DISTRICT OF THE MURRAY

PARISHES AND PLACES IN THE DISTRICT OF THE WIMMERA

INDEX

REPORT.

Registrar-General's Office,

Melbourne, 25th April, 1862.

SIR, [CENSUS, PART I.]

In presenting the first part of the census returns, entitled " Inhabitants and Houses," I do myself the honor to submit also the following Report :— [Inhabitants and Houses.]

2.

The seventh day of April, 1861, will always be looked upon as an important starting point in colonial statistical history, as upon that date the first simultaneous census was taken of the Australian Colonies and of the United Kingdom ; and I trust this proceeding will form a precedent eventually to be followed and adhered to throughout the whole of the British Empire. [First simultaneous Census of Australian Colonies and Great Britain and Ireland.]

3.

The previous Victorian census was taken on the 29th March, 1857, under a commission of which the Registrar-General was chairman ; but the Government considered it desirable that the census of 1861, should be entrusted entirely to the Registrar-General, and this provision was embodied in the Census Act (24 Vict. No. 120), a copy of which is given in Appendix A. [Census of 1857, conducted by a Commission.]

4.

It became necessary in the first instance to divide the colony into census districts. These districts, the boundaries of which are shown in Appendix I, were chosen with a view to the following points, which were adhered to as nearly as possible :— [Division of the Colony into Census Districts.]

First.

That the boundaries should be well defined, that they should not be imaginary lines ; but if possible either creeks, roads, fences, &c.

Second.

That where practicable, they should coincide with boundaries already recognized as being the limits of counties, electoral districts, municipalities, &c., in order that the populations of those divisions might easily be made up from the returns.

Third.

That they should be within limits, wherein, prior to the census, a near estimate could be formed of the gross population, so that calculations could be made of the probable number of forms and schedules required for each district.

Fourth.

That if possible, no district should contain a greater number than 10,000 persons, which the experience of previous censuses had shown to be as large a population as could safely be entrusted to one enumerator.

5.

The applications for enumeratorships were very numerous, and were in every case met by printed queries, with the view of ascertaining particularly the degree of local knowledge possessed by the applicant and his previous experience in statistical collection. The candidates selected for the approval of Government, were generally persons resident in the districts to which they were nominated. The ships in the various ports and harbors throughout the colony, with the exception of those in Port Phillip Bay and the Yarra and Saltwater Rivers, as well as the lighthouses on the coast, were visited under the direction of the chief harbormaster, and principally by officers in his department, stationed at the various out-ports. [Selection of Enumerators.]

6.

Some difficulty was anticipated in enumerating that part of the country to the east of the Snowy River, as an unexplored and impenetrable region lies between it and the other part of the colony, but thanks to the valuable and gratuitous assistance of George Barclay, Esq., J. P., of Twofold Bay, in the New South Wales territory, a sub-enumerator possessed of the requisite topographical knowledge was found and dispatched from that side, to collect the returns from the few settlers dwellings in the isolated spot referred to. [District to the east of the Snowy River.]

7.

Although the appointment of sub-enumerators, was by the Act vested in the enumerators, subject to the sanction of the Executive, a great many applications for the office of sub-enumerator were forwarded to me. The applicants were in all cases supplied with printed queries, similar in form to those sent to the candidates for enumeratorships, and these queries, after being filled up and returned to this office, were sent to the enumerators on their appointment to be dealt with by them in the exercise of their right of selecting their own subordinates. [Appointment of Sub-Enumerators.]

8.

The colony was divided into sixty-seven census districts, to each of which an enumerator was appointed. The amount of remuneration to the enumerators ranged, according to the nature of their districts from £10 to £50. In cases where Government officers were employed, they received only half the amount paid to persons unconnected with the service, and in a few instances of very light districts, the post when filled by an official was purely honorary. The total sum paid to enumerators was £1935 19s., or an average of £28 18s. for each district. [Amounts paid to Enumerators.]

9.

The number of sub-enumerators employed was 1021, or an average of 15 to each district. In the thickly peopled districts, such as towns, gold fields, &c., they acted on foot ; but in sparsely populated localities they performed their duties on horseback. The former numbered 536, and the latter 485. In the previous census, which was taken on the 29th March, 1857, the number of foot sub-enumerators amounted to 468, and that of the mounted ones to 477. The maximum rates which in the first instance were sanctioned by Government to be paid to sub-enumerators, were £1 5s. a day to those on foot, and £2 10s. to those on horseback. It was however found impossible in the Ballaarat and Castlemaine districts to engage suitable men to act on foot at a lower daily rate than £1 10s., and for those districts, that sum was subsequently conceded. On the other hand, in a few districts it was found unnecessary to pay the full rates, and persons were engaged at a slight reduction upon them. The total amount paid to sub-enumerators was £12,965 12s., or an average of £12 14s. to each. On the previous census, when the rates were £2 and £3 10s. per diem to foot and horsemen respectively, the total sum paid, amounted to £13,385 19s., or an average of £14 3s. 4d. to each. [Number of Sub-Enumerators.] [Amounts paid to Sub-Enumerators.]

10.

Wherever Chinese were congregated, interpreters were engaged to accompany the collectors through the encampments, and by this means, the necessary particulars for filling up their schedules were obtained. In this respect, this census presents a great improvement upon the previous one, when, although the services of a few persons professing to be acquainted with the Chinese language were obtained, no information respecting the Chinese, save an account of their gross numbers, could be elicited. [Appointment of Chinese Interpreters.]

11.

The total cost of taking the censuses of 1857 and 1861, exclusive of office expenses, stationery, printing, postage, and some small contingent charges, was as follows : [Cost of Censuses 1857 and 1861.]

12.

The population enumerated in 1857 was 410,766 ; that in 1861 was 540,322. The rate for the actual collection was, therefore, at the first period, nearly ninepence per head, (8.9052d.), and at the second period less than sixpence three farthings, (6.619d.). At the census of 1854, (being the one preceding that of 1857,) the cost of enumeration was about sevenpence halfpenny, (7.494d.), per head. [Cost per individual enumerated in 1854, 1857, and 1861.]

13.

Upon the enumerators being appointed, each was supplied with a copy of the Census Act, with two maps of his district and a description of its boundaries, and with a minute letter of instructions. In the latter he was enjoined to divide his district into sub-districts, and to mark them clearly upon both maps. This being done, he was instructed to retain for his own guidance, one of the maps, and to return the other to this office, to afford an opportunity of judging of the propriety of his arrangements. [Documents supplied to Enumerators.]

14.

The instructions given to the enumerators as to forming their subdivisions were to the effect that, in towns where the houses were close together, as many as 200 or 250 habitations might be included in each sub-district ; in suburban districts, villages, or gold fields where the habitations were near, but further apart than in a closely-built town, the number might be from 125 to 200 ; in the more settled agricultural districts where the homesteads were a mile or more apart, an area including from 75 to 125 dwellings would be sufficient ; and in more thinly peopled agricultural districts, where a space of two miles or upwards intervened between the houses, a sub-district should contain even a smaller number than seventy-five habitations. In pastoral and other districts, with widely scattered populations, no rule was laid down further than that the special circumstances of such localities should be taken into account, and the country divided accordingly. [Instructions to Enumerators respecting the sub-division of their districts.]

15.

Prior to commencing their labors, the sub-enumerators also received letters of instructions which contained full details of the duties expected from them, and especially enjoined the necessity of marking each schedule with the precise name of the place in which the habitation it referred to was situated, so that no mistake could afterwards be made in ascertaining the populations of different localities. [Instructions to Sub-Enumerators.]

16.

The night of enumeration was that of Sunday, the 7th April. It was the duty of the sub-enumerators to leave a householder's schedule at each dwelling in their respective sub-districts prior to that date, and to call for it in the early part of the following week. In town districts one day was allowed for leaving and two days for collecting the schedules, but in country districts the time was much extended, and varied according to circumstances. [Time allowed to Sub-Enumerators.]

17.

Principally in order to facilitate the bringing out at an early date a rough summary of the population of the colony, each sub-enumerator was supplied with a book with its pages ruled as shown in Appendix C. Into this book, before sending in his returns to his enumerator, he was required to make an abstract of them, and so to find the total number of inhabitants in his sub-district. From these books the enumerator then made a summary of his census district upon the form shown in Appendix B, and from these enumerators' summaries, when all were received at this office, an approximation to the entire population of the colony was speedily obtained. [Books supplied to Sub-Enumerators.]

18.

Much delay having been experienced in former censuses from subjecting the returns to the inspection of local bodies, and no good end having resulted from that practice, it was determined that on this occasion they should be forwarded direct to me as soon as possible after their being placed in the hands of the enumerators. Owing to this, the approximate summary referred to was brought out and the work of compilation commenced upon much earlier than would otherwise have been possible. [Returns forwarded direct to the Registrar-General.]

19.

In order to prepare the public mind for the important event of the census, printed notices, in the name of the Honorable the Chief Secretary, to the number of 5000, were posted throughout the colony, and advertisements were inserted in all the journals, drawing attention to the night on which the census was to be taken, and enjoining all householders to give in correct returns ; and it is highly creditable to the good sense and general intelligence of the community that the returns were, with very few exceptions, cheerfully made, a very large proportion of the schedules in all the districts being filled up ready for the sub-enumerator by the householders themselves. [Notices posted and advertisements inserted in the journals.]

20.

After the census was taken, a second advertisement was thrice inserted in the public journals, inviting persons who had reason to believe they had not been enumerated, to give information of the omission to any enumerator, or to the central office. This had the effect of eliciting some few complaints, all of which were subjected to a searching investigation. It is strongly corroborative of the general correctness of the census, that in nine cases out of ten these complaints were found to be groundless. In some instances, the schedules had been filled up by the wife, or some other member of the family in the absence of its head ; in others, the head of the family when away from home on the census night, had been enumerated in the house or hotel in which he had slept, and there were cases in which persons had filled up and signed their own schedules, and had apparently forgotten they had done so. Of course, in the trifling number of instances in which omissions were discovered they were immediately rectified. [Complaints respecting omissions in the enumeration generally groundless.]

21.

The number of householders' schedules actually used in the collection of the census was 128,537 ; but as it was necessary to allow a large margin for sudden accessions of population, caused by new rushes in the mining districts, as well as for under estimates in the first instance, 191,740 were actually sent out from this office. The weight of this quantity amounted to three tons five hundred weight, and, together with the sub-enumerators' books, of which 1,213 were distributed, and 1,050 actually used, amounted to about three tons and a half. [Number and weight of schedules, &c.]

22.

On the receipt of these voluminous returns at the office, the schedules were opened out, sorted, and examined with the sub-enumerators' books. If discrepancies were discovered, or it appeared that the collectors had failed to recover any of the papers they had delivered, they were at once communicated with through the enumerators, and, in some instances, were required to go over the ground again. No payments were sanctioned, either to enumerators or sub-enumerators, until there was strong primd facie evidence that the work entrusted to them had been properly performed. [Examination of returns.]

23.

The nature of the information sought to be obtained was prescribed in the model householder's schedule, given as Schedule A of the Census Act, Appendix A. It consisted, as on previous censuses, of the name and surname, relation to the head of the family, conjugal condition, sex, age, occupation, birthplace, and degree of education of each inmate of the household ; also of the description of the dwelling and the number of rooms. With respect to religion, a column was still inserted for that return ; but, in accordance with the practice adopted in the census of Great Britain, it was not made compulsory to fill this column, and persons having conscientious scruples about stating their religious belief, might decline to do so, merely entering the word " object" instead. This is the first occasion on which this latitude has been allowed. How far it was availed of will be shown when the returns of the religions are published. Besides these enquiries, an additional column was introduced for " health," in which entries were to be made of cases of sickness or accident, and of the numbers of deaf and dumb, and blind. [Nature of information sought.] [Return of religious persuasion not compulsory.] [Column for health.]

24.

The process of tabulation has been a very arduous one. It has been necessary to make, check, and re-check, at least 3,800,000 entries, upon upwards of 12,000 sheets of 50 lines each, to cast up and check the totals of the columns, 170 in number, contained [Process of tabulation.]

in each of these sheets, and to perform the work with such correctness that all the results balanced with each other. The subsequent construction of the summaries and detailed tables has required labor, care and patience. It has not been achieved without the copying of many hundred thousand figures, performing a great number of heavy additions, besides making numerous calculations of a more intricate nature.

25.

The part of the census to which this report is prefixed, is that relating to the numbers of the population in the different districts, and the number and description of dwellings in which that population was housed. [Relating to number of persons and dwellings.]

26.

The following is a brief summary of the contents of the various tables :— [Summary of contents of tables.]

1. The number of persons of both sexes, in each county and pastoral district at the censuses of 1851, 1854, 1857, and 1861, and the numerical and proportionate increase or diminution of the population in the interval between each of those periods.

2. The number of males, inclusive of Chinese and Aborigines, in each county and pastoral district at the censuses of 1854, 1857, and 1861, and the numerical and proportionate increase or decrease of the male population in the interval between each of those periods.

3. The number of females, exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines, in each county and pastoral district at the censuses of 1854, 1857, and 1861, and the numerical and proportionate increase or decrease of the female population in the interval between each of those periods.

4. The area of each county and pastoral district and of the colony, in square miles ; and for the years 1861 and 1857, the number of persons and of inhabited dwellings, the number of inhabited dwellings to a square mile, and the number of persons to each inhabited dwelling in each county and district.

5. The population in each county and pastoral district, exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines ; the number and proportion per cent. of that population living in houses of brick, stone, wood, and iron, or dwelling in tents, and bark, slab, or mud huts ; the whole being given for the two years 1857 and 1861.

6. The area of each county and pastoral district and of the colony in square miles and acres ; the number of acres sold up to the 31st December, in the years 1856 and 1860 ; the number of acres in cultivation, and the number under wheat in the seasons previous to the censuses of 1857 and 1861 ; the number of persons to a square mile ; the number of acres sold, of those in cultivation, and of those cropped with wheat, to each person in each of the two years 1857 and 1861.

7. The number of square miles in each electoral province ; the population of each province at the censuses of 1854, 1857, and 1861 ; and the numerical and proportionate increase of the population of each, in the interval between each of those periods.

8. The area of each electoral province in square miles and acres ; also in each electoral province, the number of inhabited dwellings, and of inhabited and uninhabited dwellings of brick, stone, wood, or iron ; the number of electors, and the total male population exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines ; the number of inhabited dwellings to a square mile ; the number of inhabited dwellings, and of inhabited and uninhabited dwellings of brick, stone, wood, or iron to each elector, and the number of males exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines to each elector.

9. The numbers and names of the electoral districts, and the numbers of representatives, and of electors to each ; also in each electoral district, the number

10. The numbers and names of the electoral districts ; their areas in square miles and statute acres, and their total populations, including Chinese and Aborigines ; also in each electoral district, the number of inhabited houses ; the number of persons and of inhabited houses to a square mile ; and the number of acres to a person, and to an inhabited dwelling.

11. The number of persons of both sexes living in the years 1857 and 1861 ; and the number of inhabited houses in the years 1857 and 1861, in those corporate towns and municipalities formed prior to the former period ; with the numerical and proportionate increase or decrease of both inhabitants and houses between those periods.

12. The numbers of males and females, exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines, living in the years 1857 and 1861 in those corporate towns and municipalities formed prior to the former period ; the numerical and proportionate increase or decrease of those males and females between the periods ; and in the same corporate towns and municipalities, the number of females to every 100 males, at each of those periods.

13. The number of persons, males and females, inclusive and exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines in each county and pastoral district, also in the same divisions of the colony, the numbers and sexes of the Chinese and Aborigines ; the number of houses, whether inhabited, uninhabited, or building, or whether inhabited stores, offices, and public institutions ; the description and materials of these edifices, whether of brick or stone, wood, iron, or lath and plaster ; tents, and dwellings with canvas roofs ; slab, bark, and mud huts or of materials unstated ; the number of persons exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines dwelling in brick, stone, wood, or iron houses, tents, and dwellings having canvas roofs, slab, bark, and mud huts or habitations of unstated materials ; the number of travelers (distinguishing Europeans from Chinese), living in stone, brick wood, or iron buildings, tents, and dwellings with canvas roofs, and in habitations of unstated materials.

14. The number of persons, males and females, inclusive and exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines in each electoral province, also in the same divisions of the colony, the same particulars as were given in Table XIII. for the counties and districts.

15. The number of persons, males and females inclusive and exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines in each electoral district, &c., &c.

16. The number of persons males and females inclusive and exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines in each corporate town and municipality, &c., &c.

17. The number of persons, males and females, inclusive and exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines in each mining district, &c., &c.

18. A list of corporate towns, municipalities, boroughs, townships, and villages throughout the colony ; the name of the county or pastoral district, and of the electoral district in which each is situated, and the number of inhabited dwellings, and of persons, males and females, in each.

19. XIX to XXXIX. The number of persons, males and females, inclusive and exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines, in the various parishes and principal places in each county and pastoral district ; also for the same parishes and principal places, the same particulars as were given in Table XIII. for the counties and pastoral districts.

27.

I shall now proceed to pass in review and briefly to comment upon some of the leading facts contained in the returns. [Returns reviewed and commented upon.]

28.

The total population of Victoria on the night of the census, (7th April, 1861,) was 540,322. Scanty as such a population appears, when contrasted with the populations which in older countries occupy such a territory as ours, it is not by any means easy to form at once an adequate conception even of this number. If these 540,322 individuals could be collected together so as to allow a square yard for each individual, it would require an allotment of upwards of 111 acres to give them all standing room. Could they be arranged in a line, four abreast, still allowing a yard for each, such a line would extend nearly 77 miles, or further than from Melbourne to Castlemaine. If such a line were formed in single file it would reach for 307 miles, or considerably more than half way to Sydney. Allowing three yards for each person, such a line would extend right across the Australian Continent from Spencer's Gulf to the Gulf of Carpentaria ; and allowing four yards, it would reach from Melbourne to the same spot. [Total population.] [Difficulty of realising sucha mass of human beings.]

29.

Another way of appreciating such a number will be to see how long it would take to count it. At the rate of a unit per second, the task of counting 540,322, would occupy eighteen days of eight hours each, and six hours and five minutes over. [Time required for counting a number equal to the population of Victoria.]

30.

The next point of interest is the relation the population bears to the area of the colony. This may be tested in two ways : first by thedensityof the population, or average number of persons to a square mile, and secondly by itsproximity, or mean distance between person and person. [Density and proximity of population.]

30.

It is seen by Table VI. that Victoria contains 86,831 square miles, upon which surface, there were at the time of the census, (omitting the inhabitants of ships, as not being resident upon the soil, and the migratory population

31.

Taking the sixteen counties, which cover 23,990 square miles and contain 400,790 inhabitants, there are nearly 17 persons to a square mile, while in the five pastoral districts (or as they were formerly called the unnamed or unsettled districts), covering 62,841 square miles or upwards of two-thirds of the colony, there are only 134,253 persons, or not more than third of its population ; the density being only two persons to a square mile. [Density of population in counties and districts.]

32.

In considering the mean proximity of the inhabitants of a district, they must be imagined to be placed at equal distances apart over all its area. Their proximity then is [Proximity of a population explained.]

the distance one person would be from another, or the extent of ground each would have to travel over to reach his next neighbors.

33.

The proximity will of course vary in the different sub-divisions of the colony in just the same ratio as the density, it being dependent upon precisely the same conditions, and being in fact only another method of expressing the same thing. [Proximity and density subject to similar conditions.]

34.

The result of such a distribution over each county and pastoral district and over the colony, taken as a whole, is thus shown :— [Proximity of the population in counties and pastoral districts.]

NOTE.—If the estimated migratory population be included in the total of the colony, for the purposes of this computation, the distance between person and person would be diminished by two yards, or to 760 yards.

35.

It is thus seen, that were such a distribution possible in the different counties and districts, each inhabitant of Gipps Land would have to travel 2,837 yards or about a mile and three-fifths to visit his nearest neighbor ; an inhabitant of Follett would have to go 2,310 yards or nearly a mile and a-third, and one of Heytesbury would have to pass over 2,069 yards or a little short of a mile and a-fifth, whilst in Bourke his journey to arrive at his neighbor would be but 181 yards or about a-tenth of a mile ; in Talbot 255 yards, and in Grant 305 yards. Could this imaginary distribution take place over the colony, divided into two parts, consisting of the aggregate of the counties and of the districts respectively, the distance of persons a part in the former would be 463 yards and in the latter 1,294 yards ; could it take place over the colony, as a whole, the distance would be 762 yards or less than half a mile ; even the nearest of these distances will appear large, when compared with the limited space occupied by the overflowing populations of the mother country and of other European states. [Mean distance from person to person in different districts.]

36.

The total of the male population as returned at the census was 328,651 that of the female population 211,671. These numbers are in the proportion of 64.4 females to 100 males, or in other words of 153.6 males to every 100 females. During the last four years a great step has been made towards the equalization of the sexes, the proportion shown by the census of 1857 being but 55.4 females to 100 males, or 180.5 males to every 100 females. [Numbers and relative proportions of the sexes.]

37.

In both these cases the Chinese and Aborigines are included. If they be omitted, the relation would now be 69.6 females to 100 males, being a larger relative proportion of females than any previous return has shown since the first settlement of the colony. The census of 1851 showed only 67.4 females to 100 males as the numerical relation of the sexes at the time of the discovery of gold, and that was a smaller disproportion than had been shown by any previous census. [Relative proportion of the sexes exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines.]

38.

The number of Chinese enumerated was 24,732. This quantity, is less by 692 than the number polled in 1857. Of this large number of Chinese, only eight were females ; of these, two were in Melbourne, one in Castlemaine, three in Sandhurst, one at Beechworth, and one on the Indigo gold field. [Number of Chinese.] [Chinese females.]

39.

The returns show an apparent falling off in the number of Aborigines. An account was taken of 1,694, of which 1,046 were males, and 648 were females, as against 1,768 of both sexes in 1857. It is not pretended, however, notwithstanding the vigilance of the collectors, that all were enumerated on either occasion. The returns from another source, the Central Board for the protection of the Aborigines, testify to the ascertained existence of 1,860 in different parts of the colony in August 1861, or four months after the date of the census, and it is believed by the members of that board that this number is rather under than over the mark. It is pretty certain, however, that their total number does not exceed 2,000. [Number of Aborigines.]

40.

The growth of the population since the year 1851 is shown in Table I. By the census of that year, which was taken just before the discovery of gold, the number of inhabitants in the colony was ascertained to be 77,345 ; that number has therefore in ten years increased by 462,977 persons, or about 600 per cent. The increase, however, although continuous, has not been maintained at an equal rate throughout the whole intervening period. It was greatest relatively during the first three years, when it was shown by the census of 1854 to have more than trebled. The absolute increase, however (159,453) was not so great as in the next three years when another census was taken, that of 1857, which revealed the fact that the augmentation during that period had been 173,968 or 73.5 per cent. During the next four years, an interval which extended until the taking of the present census, the numerical increase was 129,556 or 31.5 per cent. [Growth of the population.]

41.

It may be interesting to ascertain how much of this increase is due to immigration, and how much to births. This can only be done with any degree of satisfaction since 1854, as prior to the forming of this department in the previous year no accurate system of registration of births and deaths had been carried on. The immigration returns for the seven years between the 31st December, 1853, and the same date in 1860, or three months before the census in either case, show the number of arrivals by sea to have been 381,618, and the number of departures to have been 170,017, leaving a balance in favor of the arrivals of 211,601. During the same seven years, 116,381 births and 56,733 deaths were registered, the excess of the former over the latter being 59,648. This number with the excess of arrivals over departures already given, would equal 271,249. But as the increase in the seven years as ascertained by the census was 303,524, there is a balance of 32,275 persons unaccounted for. A small fraction of this balance may, perhaps, have been due to unregistered births, but there is no doubt that the major part of it is to be attributed to a continuous stream of immigration by land which has flowed into the colony over the New [Increase by immigration and births.]

South Wales and South Australian frontiers, particularly the former. This immigration for many years far exceeded the emigration by the same source, but no official account has ever been kept of it. If 30,000 of the balance unaccounted for be set down to this overland immigration, the total gain of the colony from without, in the seven years would amount to 241,601, and that by births to 61,923, showing that had the colony been dependent upon the natural increase only since 1854, its population at the census would have equalled 298,721 only, or not much more than half the actual result.

42.

With reference to the annual rate of increase, if calculated for the whole period from 1851 to the present census period it would amount to 21½ per cent. ; if from 1854 to the same period it would be 12½ per cent., and if from 1857, it would be only 7.1 per cent. With such fluctuations it would obviously be unsafe to predict what the population of Victoria will be at any given time, but it may not be amiss to state, that should the first rate be maintained, the colony would contain 1,080,644 inhabitants in three years and 207 days from the date of the census ; if on the other hand, the rate since 1854 were maintained, it would contain that number in five years and 321 days ; and if the rate from 1857 were kept up, it would contain that number in ten years and 42 days, or on the 19th May 1871. [Annual rates of increase.] [Number of years it would take for the population to double itself.]

43.

The increase in some of the counties and districts, especially those in which gold fields have been discovered, has been more surprising than the increase of the total population. In the Loddon and Rodney which in 1851 were not separated, the augmentation has been from 194 to 68,249. The population of Grenville has increased in the same ten years from 400 to 30,154 ; that of Talbot from 1,163 to 65,528 ; and that of the Wimmera from 2,019 to 27,675. [Great increase in some of the counties.]

44.

In Table II., the increase of males, and in Table III., the increase of females is shown in the colony and in the counties and districts, and is given exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines. By these tables it appears that, during the whole period from 1854 to 1861, while the males increased by 149,442, the females only received an addition to their numbers of 130,115 ; but in the last four years of that period the numerical increase of the females exceeded that of the males by 82 ; the numbers added to the population during those four years being, of the former 65,202, and of the latter 65,120. Although these numbers are so nearly equal, the increase of females during the four years has been in the proportion of 45 per cent., whilst that of males, being upon a much larger population, has been only at the rate of 27 per cent. [Increase of males and females.]

45.

The sexes have relatively increased very differently in the different counties, but an augmentation of both males and females has taken place in them all. The county of Grant however has narrowly escaped a diminution as regards males, the augmentation since 1857, being only by eight ; but in the same county the females have increased by 4,004. [Small increase of males in the county of Grant.]

46.

The number of places which at the census of 1857 had taken advantage of the Municipal Act (18 Vict., No. 15) to impose taxes upon themselves for local improvements was fourteen, which with the corporate towns of Melbourne and Geelong, contained 154,119 inhabitants, or 37½ per cent. of the population. These corporate towns and municipalities had increased at the time of the census of 1861 to forty-four, containing a population of 235,301, or 43½ per cent. of the population of the colony. The enumerators were especially required to observe carefully the boundaries of these towns, and in this respect every confidence may be placed in the correctness of the returns. [Municipalities, population of 1857 and 1861.]

47.

The sixteen places formed prior to 1857, show in the aggregate an increase of 24,871 inhabitants. But this increase is not universal ; Geelong within the same corporate limits lost 352 inhabitants ; Beechworth lost 723, and Sandhurst, although upon the whole it had gained 723 sects, showed dimunition of 43 of its European males. [Increase or decrease of population in various municipalities, 1857 to 1861.]

48.

Melbourne, within the corporate limits, only contained at the date of the census, 36,868 inhabitants, but many of its surrounding municipalities may practically be looked upon as comprised within the city, and indeed some of them were formerly included within its corporate boundaries. The municipality of Fitzroy had 11,807 inhabitants ; East Collingwood 12,653 ; Richmond 11,355 ; Emerald Hill 8,822 ; Sandridge 3,351 ; Prahran 9,886 ; St. Kilda 6,408 ; Hawthorn 2342 ; Kew 1439 ; Hotham 7,053, and Brunswick 3,014, making in all 114,998 persons. There are besides these, within a radius of eight miles from the centre of Melbourne, the municipalities of Brighton containing 2,501 inhabitants ; Footscray containing 1,070 ; and Williamstown containing 4,492, together with the towns of Northcote, Heidelberg, Pentridge, Flemington, and Essendon, which up to the time of the census had not become municipalised ; but which jointly contained a population of 3,475 persons, making with the municipalities last named and the total before arrived at, a grand total for Melbourne and its immediate suburbs of 126,536 souls. [Population of Melbourne and suburbs in 1861.]

49.

The town of Geelong, at the time of the census contained 16,613 persons within its corporate limits, but conjoined with the suburban municipalities of South Barwon, and Newtown and Chilwell, which were formerly within the city boundaries, it contained 22,986 inhabitants. In point of population Geelong can still claim to be the second town in Victoria, although it has been run very close by Ballaarat, the two municipalities of which together contained 22,104 individuals. Next to Ballaarat ranks Sandhurst with 13,020 inhabitants, then Castlemaine with 9,683, then Creswick with 4714. Of the remaining municipalities, two contained populations ranging between 3,000 and 4,000 ; seven between 2,000 and 3,000 ; ten between 1,000 and 2,000, and two between 500 and 1,000. [Population of Geelong and suburbs.] [Population of Ballaarat, Sandhurst, Castlemaine and Creswick.]

50.

In view of the fact, that over the colony taken as a whole the females are to the males only in the proportion of 2 to 3, it is interesting to note that in no less than eight of the municipalities females preponderate, namely : Belfast, Brighton, Fitzroy, Geelong, Hawthorn, Kew, Newtown and Chilwell, Portland, Prahran, Richmond, St. Kilda, and Williamstown. [Proportion of the sexes in municipalities.]

51.

The Chinese living in municipalities numbered 7,666, who were principally settled in the towns of Melbourne and Geelong, and in municipalities situated on the gold fields. Only 13 Aborigines were returned as resident in municipalities on the census night. [Chinese and Aborigines in municipalities.]

52.

The boundaries of the Road Board Districts being subject to continual changes were not observed in taking the census. It is, therefore, impossible exactly to determine their populations ; but an approximate return of the gross numbers in each district has been deduced from the schedules, and will probably be found near enough for general purposes. This return is given in Appendix J, and contains a column of remarks indicating the degree of reliance which can be placed upon the figures for each. [District road boards, approximate return of.]

53.

By this statement it appears that 199,298 persons were resident in Road Board Districts, which with the 235,301 already stated as living in the corporate towns and municipalities, would give the number of persons enjoying the advantages of local self government as amounting to 434,599, or about four-fifths of the population of the colony. [Municipalities and road boards total population of.]

54.

The returns of the Mining Districts show an aggregate of 228,181 persons, or 42 per cent. of the population as against 41 per cent. in 1857. These returns do not give the entire population residing within the area of the Wardens' districts, but only those living upon or in the immediate vicinity of gold-workings. Townships on the gold fields are also included, and therefore several of the municipalities already referred to are embraced. [Mining districts, population of.]

55.

A gross increase of 61,631 gold fields residents is shown since 1857. The males have increased by 31,632, whilst the increase in the number of females has been [Increase of gold field population.]

but 29,999. As, however, the latter has been upon a much smaller number than the former, it has been in the proportion of 69 per cent., whilst the increase of males has been but 26 per cent.

56.

The Chinese on the gold fields had increased since 1857 by 445, and numbered 24,068. The Aborigines numbered 147 against 44. [Chinese and Aborigines on gold fields.]

57.

The number of inhabited dwellings returned was 128,617, in which 535,043 persons either were or might have been housed, being the total population of the colony exclusive of travelers and residents in ships and hulks. This gives an average of 4.2 persons to a habitation, or 42 persons to 10 houses, and is a proportion which remains unchanged since 1857. [Houses, number of, and average number of persons to each.]

58.

An increase has taken place in the number of inhabited houses in 21 the counties and districts except Grant, which shows a falling off of 96. The county of Bourke, on the other hand, shows an increase of no less than 8,000 houses since 1857. [Increase or decrease of the number of houses.]

59.

The number of houses to a square mile is 1.482, or nearly three houses to two miles, against 1.114 to the square mile in 1857. In seven of the counties and districts the average density of the houses is now, as it was in 1857, greater than the average of the colony, viz., Bourke, Grant, Dalhousie, Grenville, Talbot, Villiers, and The Loddon ; whilst in the remaining fourteen it was less than that density at both periods. The density of the houses in the aggregate of the counties, occupying, as has been already stated, less than a third of the colony, is now 3.741 to the square mile ; whilst in the districts, including considerably more than two-thirds, it is only 618, or about three houses to every five miles. [Average density of houses.]

60.

The mean proximity of house to house can be calculated in the same manner as the proximity of person to person, which has been already treated of. The following figures give the results in the different counties and districts : [Average proximity of houses.]

61.

By this it is clearly seen that if a sub-enumerator had to leave schedules at 100 houses of proximity equal to the average of the colony, he would have to travel 88 miles and 520 yards ; if of proximity equal to the average of the counties alone, he would travel 55 miles and 1,000 yards ; if of proximity equal to the average of the districts alone, he would go 136 miles and 1,140 yards ; if of proximity equal to the average of Bourke, he would go only 22 miles and 1,080 yards ; if equal to that of Gipps Land, he would go 360 miles and 1,700 yards, and so on for the remainder of the counties and districts. [Distance to be travelled to visit one hundred houses at mean distances apart.]

62.

Although it is clear that the number of persons to a dwelling being the same at both censuses, the houses have not increased in a greater ratio than the population, yet the returns show a great improvement in the character of the dwellings. In 1857, only 69 per cent. of the European population lived in houses properly so called, the remaining 31 per cent. being either resident in tents and huts or travellers camping out. In 1861, 73 per cent. of the European population were accommodated in houses of brick, stone, wood, or iron, and 27 per cent. in tents and abodes of an inferior description, or were travelling. [Improvement in the character of the dwellings.]

63.

It appears from Table V. that the actual residents in tents or other habitations having canvas roofs were 100,849, that 32,614 were in bark, slab, and mud huts, and that 2,575 were actually traveling. Reference is made, in a note to the same Table, to a fact which is interesting as showing the more settled habits of the mining population, which is, that a greatly improved description of tent has in many instances taken the place of the more flimsy structures formerly in use, and that it is not at all unusual for tents to be spread upon substantial frames with sides of wood or iron, and with wooden and sometimes even iron tops or flies above the canvas; making them equal to houses in point of warmth and shelter. [Residents in tents and huts.] [Improved description of tents.]

64.

It is also to be remarked that, on the gold fields, whilst tents and huts have increased by 1,362 or about 3 per cent., brick or stone houses have increased by 2,062, or 422 per cent., and wood, iron, and lath and plaster tenements have increased by 11,501, or 120 per cent ; also, that at least 50 per cent. of the population of these districts are now resident in houses, the precise number so accommodated being 101,666 against 101,560 persons in tents and huts. [Houses and tents on the gold fields.]

65.

The agricultural statistics which are taken annually, afford interesting matter for collation with the population returns, and being for the agricultural year ending 31st March, are in census years, almost coincident with the census in point of time. Some calculations based upon these statistics and the census combined, will be found in Table VI. for 1857 and 1861. [Agricultural statistics.]

66.

It appears that in 1857, 5.7 acres had been sold to each individual in the colony, but in 1861 that quantity had increased to 7.5 acres per head. At the first of these periods, there was little more than two-fifths of an acre cultivated to each person, but in the latter, four-fifths of an acre had been so cultivated. Less than two-tenths of an acre to the individual was cropped with wheat in the former year, whilst in the latter year, the quantity under wheat exceeded three-tenths of an acre to each ; showing that the number of acres alienated, the number cultivated, and the number cropped with wheat, have all increased in a greater ratio than the population. [Number of acres alienated, cultivated, and cropped with wheat in proportion to the population.]

67.

Probably one of the most useful of the tables in this part of the census will be Table XVIII, which gives the names of no less than 267 towns, townships, and villages, the [Population of towns, townships, and villages.]

county and electoral district in which they are severally situated, the number of inhabited dwellings, and the population of each. To give an idea of the importance of many of these places, it may be stated that seven of them contained upwards of 10,000 inhabitants, that ten had over 9,000, that eleven had over 8,000, that twelve had over 7,000, that thirteen had over 6,000, that sixteen had over 4,000, that twenty had over 3,000, that thirty had over 2,000, that forty-seven had over 1,000, and that sixty-three had over 500 inhabitants.

68.

In conclusion, I beg to state, that the remaining portions of the census will appear as rapidly as they can be issued from the office of the Government Printer.

I have the honor to be,

Sir,

Your most obedient Servant,

WILLIAM HENRY ARCHER,

Registrar-General.

To the Honorable the Chief Secretary,

Melbourne.

APPENDIX A.

No. CXX. An Act for taking an Account of the Population in 1861. [12th February, 1861.]

WHEREAS it is expedient that an account of the population be taken in the year One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one on the same day on which the like account is to be taken of the population of Great Britain and Ireland. Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and Legislative Assembly of Victoria in this present Parliament assembled and by the authority of the same as follows— [Preamble.]

1. For the purposes of this Act the word "dwelling" shall mean any house building booth tent hut or other erection in or under which any person usually sleeps and every ship or other vessel in any port of harbor of the colony and the words "occupier or person in charge" shall include every master or keeper of every goal prison hospital lunatic asylum benevolent asylum and of every public or charitable institution who shall not have been appointed to act as the enumerator of the inmates thereof and all such masters and keepers shall make returns of all the particulars so far as may be practicable with respect to the inmates thereof And every pastoral tenant of the crown or superintendent of station may in like manner perform the duty of occupier for each and all of the out stations and furnish to the sub-enumerator in whose district such out stations lie all such particulars as would be required of the occupiers themselves had forms been left at their dwellings provided that such pastoral tenant or superintendent of station so making a return shall furnish a separate form for each separate hut or dwelling and provided also that if any pastoral tenant or superintendent or other person in charge be unwilling or unable to furnish correct or complete information nothing in this clause shall be deemed to excuse the sub-enumerator from any portion of his duties as hereinafter prescribed. [Interpretation.]

2. An account shall be taken in manner hereinafter directed of the number of persons within the colony on the night of Sunday the seventh day of April in the year One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one and such account shall contain the several particulars specified in the form of return in the schedule to this Act marked A. [Census to be taken in 1861.]

3. For the taking of such account the Governor in Council shall appoint enumerators and define the districts for which they shall respectively act and determine the number of sub-enumerators to be appointed and employed by such enumerators respectively. [Schedul A.] [Enumerators to be appointed.]

4. The enumerators shall subject to approval by the Governor in Council appoint in like manner the sub-enumerators to be employed by them and assign sub-districts to such sub-enumerators [Collectors to be employed.]

5. Every enumerator shall make and subscribe a declaration in the form of the schedule hereto marked B before some justice of the peace (which declaration such justice of the peace is hereby authorized and required to take) and shall retain the same until delivered or transmitted as hereinafter directed and every sub-enumerator shall make and subscribe before the enumerator by whom he shall have been appointed the like declaration which declaration such enumerator is hereby authorized and required to take and keep until delivered or transmitted as hereinafter directed. [Enumerators and sub-enumerators to make declaration.] [Schedule B.]

6. The Chief Secretary shall order and supervise the taking of such account and shall cause to be prepared and printed for the use of the persons to be employed in taking the same such forms and instructions as he shall deem necessary and the Registrar-General shall under his instructions issue all forms and instructions to the persons for whose use they shall be intended And all the expenses which shall be incurred under this Act shall be paid out of such money as shall be provided by Parliament for that purpose. [Forms and instructions to be issued.]

7. Every sub-enumerator shall within ten days ending Saturday the sixth day of April One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one leave at every dwelling within his district one of such forms or where such dwelling is let in different stories or apartments and occupied distinctly by different persons or families a separate form for the occupier or persons in charge of each such distinct story or apartment And every occupier or person in charge of every such dwelling or of every such distinct story or apartment with or for whom such form of schedule shall have been left as aforesaid shall fill up and supply in such form to the best of his or her knowledge and belief all the particulars specified therein and shall sign his or her name thereunto and shall deliver or cause to be delivered the form so filled up to the sub-enumerator authorized to receive the same. [Forms of Schedule A to be delivered at every dwelling and filled up and signed.]

8. Every sub-enumerator shall on the day next following the seventh day of April so fixed as aforesaid or as soon thereafter as practicable demand and receive the said form at every dwelling within his sub-district and shall satisfy himself by inquiries of the occupier or person in charge of the dwelling or of persons in or near such dwelling that such form is fully truly and correctly filled up or if not so in any particular shall himself according to the best information which he shall be able to obtain make the same complete and correct and in such case shall then and there countersign the said form with his own name. [Sub-enumerators personally to receive the forms and see to their correctness.]

9. Every sub-enumerator shall within seven days after all the forms within his sub-district shall have been completed and received by him deliver them to the enumerator of his district together with a declaration made and subscribed by himself in the form of the schedule hereto marked C And any enumerator may in the case of any defect or deficiency in any form so delivered require the sub-enumerator delivering the same to make further inquiries and to correct such defect or supply such deficiency at his own cost. [Sub-enumerators to deliver all forms &c. to enumerator. Schedule C.]

10. Every enumerator shall within fourteen days after receipt from his sub-enumerators of all such forms make out there from returns containing such particulars as may be required of him and shall sign and transmit the same to the Registrar-General together with all the said forms and the declarations aforesaid as received from the several collectors and together also with a declaration made and subscribed by himself in the form of the schedule to this Act marked D. [Enumerators to make out returns.] [Schedule D.]

11. The Registrar-General on receipt of such collective returns and other papers shall examine the same and cause any defect or inaccuracy therein to be supplied or corrected as far as may be possible and shall with all convenient speed prepare and transmit to the Chief Secretary abstracts made therefrom in such form as he may deem advisable and such abstracts shall be printed and laid before both Houses of Parliament. [Completion of Census by Registrar-General.]

12. All letters and packets on the subject of this Act transmitted by post within the colony to or from the Registrar-General or any enumerator or collector or any other person if marked on the outside with the word "Census" shall be delivered free of postage until the thirtieth day of June One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one. [Letters free of postage.]

13. Any occupier or person in charge of any dwelling who shall refuse or wilfully neglect to fill up to the best of his or her knowledge information or belief the form so left at such dwelling or to sign and deliver the same or shall refuse or wilfully neglect to answer or untruly answer any inquiry made by a sub-enumerator or wilfully make sign or deliver or cause to be made signed or delivered any false return or statement of any particular in such form or shall obstruct any person in the performance of any duty under this Act shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding twenty pounds Provided always that such penalty shall not be enforced against any person who from conscientious scruples shall omit to state the religious denomination or sect to which he may belong and the proof of such conscientious scruple shall be the filling up of the column set apart for that purpose with the word "object." [Penality for noncompliance with Act.]

14. Any sub-enumerator who shall fail to return to the enumerator of his district all the forms which shall have been received by him or shall wilfully sign or deliver any untrue form or alter any form except as aforesaid or shall otherwise wilfully violate any provision of this Act shall for every such offence be liable to a penalty not exceeding fifty pounds. [Penalty for wilful default of Sub-enumerator.]

15. Any enumerator or sub-enumerator making and subscribing a false declaration before any justice of the peace or enumerator shall be deemed guilty of perjury. [How declaration to be made and if false to be perjury.]

16. Any person accepting the office of enumerator or sub-enumerator under this Act and afterwards refusing or neglecting to do anything required of him in virtue of such office unless prevented by sickness or other unavcidable cause (in which case the Governor in Council may forthwith appoint another enumerator or the enumerator may appoint another sub-enumerator approved as aforesaid) shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding one hundred pounds. [Penality for falling to act after accepting office.]

17. Any enumerator or sub-enumerator who shall divulge the contents of any form except as required by this Act shall for every such offence be liable to a penalty not exceeding twenty pounds. [Penality for divulging except requtred by Act.]

18. All penalties under this Act may be recovered summarily before any two justices of the peace. [Recovery of penalities.]

19. The Governor in Council may make any regulations for carrying out any provision of this Act not herein specially provided for And such regulations when published in theGovernment Gazetteshall have the full force of law. [Regulations if necessary.]

20. This Act shall be styled and may be cited as "The Census Act for 1861." [Short title]

SCHEDULE A.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS.

This Schedule is to be filled up by theOCCUPIER OR PERSON IN CHARGE OF THE DWELLING.—If let or sub-let to different persons or families, in separate stories or apartments, each such story or apartment must be treated as a separateDWELLING and THE OCCUPIER OR PERSON IN CHARGE OF EACHmust make a separate Return-upon a separate form.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING UP THE COLUMN HEADED "RANK, PROFESSION, OR OCCUPATION."

ARMY, NAVY, CIVIL SERVICE, ETC.—Add, after the rank, whether in actual service, on half-pay, or retired ; and in the latter case, if engaged in any occupation, be particular in stating it. Persons in the Civil Service to state, after their title or rank, the Department to which they are attached, and also whether they are engaged in any other and what besides their official occupation.Magistrates, Town Councillors, and other important public officers should also state their profession or occupation after their official title.

CLERGYMEN to state the Denomination of which they are ministers, and the place of worship in which they officiate. They are requested not to employ the indefinite term "Clerk." Local or occasional preachers must return their ordinary occupations.

LEGAL PROFESSION.—Barristers to state whether or not in actual practice ; and if holding any office, to give the description. The designation "Attorney" or "Solicitor" to be confined to those actually upon the Roll of this Colony. Persons employed by Barristers or in Solicitors' offices should distinguish whether they are articled, writing, or other clerks. Lawyers admitted elsewhere, but not on the Rolls here, to state the grade and country.

MEDICAL PROFESSION.—Members to state whether they are Physicians, Surgeons, or General Practitioners, and to return themselves as practicing or not practicing ; and if otherwise employed, to state the occupation.

TEACHERS, AUTHORS, PUBLIC WRITERS, and ARTISTS to state the particular branch of science, literature, or art which they cultivate. Engineers to state whether civil engineer, mechanical engineer, mining engineer, &c. Surveyors to state whether land, mining or marine surveyor.

PERSONS ENGAGED IN TRADE OR COMMERCE, as Merchants, Storekeepers, Retailers, Brokers, Agents, Auctioneers, Clerks, &c., to state the particular business in which they are engaged, or the staple in which they deal. The ordinary and most commonly understood terms should be employed. Commercial Travellers should not omit the word commercial.

The terms FARMER and GARDENER to be applied to all persons actually in occupation of land and tilling, whether proprietors or only tenants, who should be returned "Farmer or Gardener of — acres, employing— men." The word landowner is too vague. Proprietorship may be expressed by inserting "(Prop.)" after "Farmer." Sons and daughters brothers, or other relatives helping on farms or stations, may be returned as "Son assisting," "Daughter assisting," as the case may be.

GOLD MINERS should specify whether engaged in puddling, quartz-crushing, aluicing, or alluvial sinking. Persons on the Gold Fields to state distinctly, after their present occupation, their former calling, as "Gold Miner—formerly Physician;" "Storekeeper—formerly Carpenter." When a Gold Miner employs others to assist him, he should return himself "Gold Miner, employing—men." A Gold Miner working for another should return himself as a "Gold Miner," not as a laborer.

ARTISANS AND MECHANICS should always mention whether they are Masters or Journey men, whether they keep a shop, store, &c., and the number of persons in their employment. The materials on which Mechanics work, and the particular branch of their trade are always to be distinctly expressed ; thus"Ship Carpenter," "House Carpenter," "Shingler," "Coachsmith," "Locksmith," "Horse-shoer."

A person engaged in more than one pursuit should state his occupation in the order of their importance to himself.

CARTERS, CARRIERS, LABORERS, SERVANTS, ETC., to describe themselves by the name of their usual employment,"Drayman on Wharf," "Carter to the Diggings," "Laborer, making roads," "Omnibus Driver," "Cabman," "Porter," "Messenger," &c.

Persons not following any Profession, Trade, or Calling, and not holding any public office, but possessed of independent means, may designate themselves"Proprietor of Land," "Proprietor of Houses," "Annuitant,"as the case may be. The word "householder" should not be used in place of"proprietor of houses," not the word "gentleman"or "lady" in place of "no occupation." Persons who have ceased to follow one pursuit and have not commenced another, should enter "no occupation at present.

WOMEN.—

The occupations of Women not coming under the foregoing instructions, and who are employed in any but domestic duties, should be distinctly recorded. But they should not be entered as engaged in the occupations of their Husbands or Fathers, &c., unless they regularly assist them. When only in the capacity of Wife, Mother, Daughter, Sister, &c., write "Domestic Duties."

CHILDREN.—

If children are regularly pursuing or assisting in any occupation it should be stated. If daily attending a National, Denominational, or Private School, or receiving tuition under a master or governess at home, it should be specified by writing against the names"attending National School," "attending Denominational School," "attending Private School," "Scholar at Home,"as the case may be. When only in the relation of Son, Daughter, or other relative, write "Domestic Duties," as in the case of women.

PERSONS IN HOSPITALS, ASYLUMS, GAOLS, ETC.—

Care should be taken to describe their position as inmates, in addition to the insertion of their previous occupations ; thus"Prisoner," "Patient," "Gaoler," "Nurse."

The occupation which each person is following and deriving income from at the time of the Census should in all cases be stated.

Every answer should be written in full. The use of dots (,,) or ditto (do.) leads to numerous mistakes, and cannot be received by the Collectors.

CAUTION.—Any person who shall refuse or wilfully neglect to fill up, to the best of his or her knowledge, information, or belief, this form, or to sign and deliver the same, or shall refuse or wilfully neglect to answer, or shall untruly answer any inquiry made by a Sub-enumerator, or wilfully make, sign, or deliver, or cause to be made, signed, or delivered, any false return or statement of any particular in this form is liable to a penalty not exceeding twenty pounds.

The foregoing is a true Return concerning all Persons in this Dwelling. Witness my Hand

(Signature of Occupier or Person in Charge, or of a Sub-Enumerator.)

SCHEDULE B.

I do hereby accept the office of enumerator [or sub-enumerator] under the "Census Act for 1861" for the district [or sub-district] to which I have been appointed And I do solemnly declare that I will faithfully perform the duties of the said office to the best of my knowledge and ability.

[Signature.]

Made and subscribed before me at this day of 1861.

Justice of the Peace or Enumerator, as the case may be.

SCHEDULE C.

I [a sub-enumerator] appointed under the "Census Act for 1861" do solemnly declare that the forms numbered from to inclusive contained in the sealed packet to which this declaration is attached are all the forms under the said Act which have been completed and received by me within the sub-district to which I was appointed and that the whole contents of all the said forms are true to the best of my knowledge information and belief. And I further declare that I have not failed to distribute all necessary forms or wilfully neglected to collect any forms so distributed within the time specified in this Act.

[Signature of Sub-Enumerator.]

Made and subscribed before me at this day of 1861.

Enumerator.

SCHEDULE D.

I an enumerator appointed for the district of under the "Census Act for 1861" do solemnly declare that the sealed packet addressed to the Registrar-General to which this declaration is attached contains all the forms and declarations transmitted to me by the [State here the number of sub-enumerators for his district] sub-enumerators appointed by me and also one collective return made out by me from the said forms and that such collective return is correctly and truly made to the best of my knowledge information and belief.

[Signature of Enumerator.]

Made and subscribed before me at this day of 1861.

Justice of the Peace.

APPENDIX B., ENUMERATOR'S SCHEDULE (C)

COLLECTIVE RETURN.

Name of Census District—

Name of Enumerator—

Signature of Enumerator—

Signature of Enumerator—

APPENDIX C., CENSUS OF 1861.

SIR,

I have to request your immediate attention to that portion of the 3rd clause of the Census Act No. CXX, whereby it is enacted that the Governor in Council shall determine the number of sub-enumerators to be employed by the enumerators. [Division of census district into sub-districts.]

In order to carry out these provisions. It is necessary that you should at once proceed to divide your district into sub-districts, in order that such sub-division may be submitted for His Excellency's approval.

To guide you in the performance of that task, I am to communicate to you the following instructions, caused, in conformity with the VI. clause of the Act, to be prepared by the Honorable the Chief Secretary.

It is desirable as a general rule that the country should be so divided into sub-districts as to admit of all the schedules being called for on Monday and Tuesday, the 8th and 9th of April ; as, however, this rule cannot apply to every part of the country, especially to sparsely populated and unsurveyed districts, it will be for you to judge how nearly you can adhere to this rule without the risk of confusion as to boundaries, and consistently with the other circumstances upon which accuracy depends, such as being able to procure a sufficient number of competent sub-enumerators.

In apportioning the work you must consider the distance to be traversed by the collector in going from house to house, and must so form the sub-districts as to comprise more houses when they lie near together, as in a town, and jewer when they lie apart.

Thus in a town where the houses adjoin, or are only a few yards apart, the number included in the sub-district may be from 200 to 250 inhabited houses ; in suburban districts and villages, or diggings, where they are still near, though further apart than in a closely-built town, the number may be from 125 to 200 ; in the more settled agricultural districts, where there is occasionally a distance of more than half a mile between one house and the next nearest, the number may be from 75 to 125 ; and in the more thinly peoples agricultural districts, where intervals of two miles and upwards intervene between some houses and others, less than 75 may be included in a sub-district. As regards the arrangements for the collection of pastoral districts, or of small parties of miners engaged in prospecting, the special circumstances of each locality must be taken into account, both as regards the time to be allowed, and the number of habitations to be allotted to each sub-enumerator.

It is desirable, when it can be done consistently with apportioning a fair quantity of work to each sub-enumerator, that the limits of the sub-districts should coincide with boundaries already known, such as those of a parish, township, electoral district, &c., and should not unnecessarily be made up of parts of two or more.

It is essential to the accuracy of the enumeration, that the sub-districts be well defined and clearly described, so that no doubt may exist among the sub-enumerators to which district any one house may belong, and that there may be no chance of the inmates being, through any such doubt, either omitted or numbered twice over ; I would therefore impress upon you that this can only be done effectually by adopting natural boundaries, such as streets, fenced in or well-beaten roads, well-known creeks, the water flow of gullies, &c. Imaginary lines drawn from point to point on maps are, except in extreme cases, inadmissible.

The sub-districts, into which the district of which you are enumerator is divided, must together form the whole of such district, and the assumption of a portion of it being uninhabited must not cause any part to be left out.

It is expedient that every sub-district should be one connected portion of country, and not consist of two or more detached portions.

Having arranged the formation of the sub-districts as speedily as you can, in conformity with the following instructions, you must before the return to this office one of the two maps sent, with the plan of division shown on it, reserving the other for your own use, and also transmit with it one of the forms enclosed herewith (Enumerator's Schedule A.) containing the information therein required respecting each proposed sub-division of your district.

If any serious doubts should occur to you as to the best mode of dividing your district, it is hereby recommended that you should communicate without delay with the district surveyor, warden, Chinese protector, or any other of the officers of government, who may be possessed of special information calculated to aid you, and who will doubtless give you any advice. This, however, should not be done on slight grounds, and unless you are absolutely in need of such assistance.

Accompanying the maps is a description of the boundaries of your district, and it is necessary, to prevent all mistakes on the part of your sub-enumerators, that you should likewise give in their schedule books similar descriptions of their respective sub-districts, and it would greatly assist such description if it were accompanied by a tracing.

In connection with the period to be allowed for collection, as already referred to, that of distribution is to be considered ; and experience has shown, in densely-peopled districts where the sub enumerators act on foot, that one day for leaving the schedules is sufficient, thus accomplishing the work by the labor of three days, namely, one for distribution and two for collection ; but where the population is more scattered, and the greater portion of time is occupied in traveling from house to house, it will be necessary to allow an equal, or nearly equal, time for distribution and collection.

As an additional precaution against any misconceptions on the part of the sub-enumerators as to their respective boundaries, it would be well that you should endeavor. Where it can be done without inconvenience, to collect them all together, so that each, by mutual explanation with the sub-enumerators of the districts adjoining his, may arrive at a clear understanding of the exact boundaries of his division. This course will also afford you an opportunity of giving any explanations that may be wanted as to how the business of enumeration is to be performed, or on any other matter left unexplained or doubtful, in the instructions contained in the sub-enumerator's schedule ; also in case of any doubts as to the exact boundary line between your own and any of the adjoining census districts, you are recommended to communicate with the enumerator, and enter into such an arrangement as will enable the sub-enumerators acting on either side of such boundary to act in accordance so that neither omissions nor over-lapping may occur. You are charged to take every precaution that the persons whom you have appointed act in concord with each other, and with the sub-enumerators of the adjoining districts.

Having arranged the sub-division of your district, the next matter to occupy your attention is the selection of as many sub-enumerators as there are sub-districts. [Selection of sub-enumerators.]

The principal duties of the sub-enumerators described in the 7th, 8th, and 9th clauses of the Act, and in the more detailed instructions which have been drawn up for their guidance, and inserted in their schedule books.

To fulfil those duties properly, the sub-enumerator must be a person of intelligence and activity, mustread and write well, and be a man sufficiently healthy and strong to undergo the exertion requisite for performing his work with promptness ; he must be temperate and of sufficiently good address to convey all the requisite information concerning the census, in a manner calculated to obtain the good-will and co-operation of the inhabitants.

It will be necessary that he should be well acquainted with the district in which he will be required to act.

Having obtained a sufficient number of such persons as are willing and competent to serve as sub-enumerators in your district, and having made the requisite inquiries respecting them, you must prepare a list to be submitted to His Excellency for approval, stating the name, age, and occupation of each person, and the number of the sub-district to which you propose to appoint him.

In making your selection you must bear in mind that each sub-enumerator should dwell in or near the district in which he is to act, so that he may not have the additional labor of going far from his home before he can begin his duties. It is not, therefore, advisable that you should select many persons living at or very near the same place. This rule, however, is prescribed not as one to which a rigid adherence is required, but on which you must exercise your discretion, remembering that character and fitness are most to be considered.

With reference to the remuneration to be paid to the sub-enumerators, the Government has determined, in order to place you in a position to engage competent persons without delay, to sanction the following scale :—

• To sub-enumerators acting on horseback, not exceeding £2 10s per diem.

• To sub-enumerators acting on foot, not exceeding £1 5s. per diem.

This, you will observe, is the maximum ; should the services of suitable persons be obtainable, and in your opinion adequately remunerated with a less sum, you will bear in mind that it is your duty to pay a due regard to economy.

If, on the other hand, this allowance should prove an insufficient inducement to competent persons to undertake the duties of sub-enumerator, you will at once apply for authority to enter into engagements at a higher amount, which you will state, together with the local circumstances which render a departure from the prescribed limitation necessary.

Having complied with the requirements of the Census Act, so far as the sub-division of your district and the selection of sub-enumerators is concerned, and having performed the duties appertaining thereto according to the foregoing instructions, you will ascertain that all your sub-enumerators understand their duties, and how the business of enumeration is to be performed ; affording them all requisite information and explanation. [General instructions.]

The signature of each person accepting the office of sub-enumeration to be obtained to a copy of schedule B of the Census Act, for which purpose forms are supplied, taking care to warn him previously to acceptance, that he will not subsequently be at liberty, under a penalty not exceeding £100, to refuse the office, or to neglect the performance of his duties, unless incapacitated by illness ; these documents you will forward to this office.

You must also make known to all those whom you appoint, that no person employed on the census will be entitled to payment unless he has fully performed his duties.

You will make sure that each sub-enumerator, previously to accepting the office, perfectly understands the rate of pay he is to receive, and that he is aware that he can only obtain the number of days' pay allowed by you for the completion of the district, unless some unforeseen circumstance should occur which may justify you in recommending an additional allowance.

If any person who has been appointed sub-enumerator should subsequently be incapacitated from acting, you are authorized by the 16th clause to procure another to take his place ; reporting the same for approval.

You must, as a security against misunderstanding, obtain the signature of each sub-enumerator to an agreement to complete his district within a fixed number of days.

You must deliver to each sub-enumerator as many householders' schedules as there are dwellings within his district, and cause him to leave, on Saturday, the 6th of April, or on such other of the ten days ending on that day, as may be deemed expedient, one of those schedules for every head of a household. You must also supply him with one of the sub-enumerator's schedules.

You must during the collection of the schedules use every exertion which the circumstances of your district will admit of, to observe how the different persons you have employed perform their duties, and must avail yourself of the knowledge you possess of each sub-district to ascertain whether any of the residents have been omitted.

The enumerator is required to receive the schedules of all his sub-enumerators within seven days after each of them has completed the collection, and it is desirable that you should arrange with each of them respecting the days and hours at which you will receive and examine the schedules.

You must examine separately the householders' schedules, and see that they are properly filled, and in case of mistakes of any kind, must get them rectified, if possible. You must see that the returns made by the sub-enumerator are correct, and take care that in the sub-enumerator's schedule, the electoral district, parish, township, ward, &c., is clearly shown. As the enumerator has the selection of the sub-enumerators, he is responsible for their being competent to perform his work properly, and must supply any deficiencies.

Wherever special persons are employed to collect "travelers," the enumerator must compare their actual returns with the computation given by the other sub-enumerators, and report whether he has reason to believe that the enumeration of such travelers is correct ; or if he believes that all have not been taken, to forward his estimate of the omissions, with the data on which it is founded ; and in all cases where the enumerator has reason to suppose that travelers had camped out in any sub-district on the night of the 7th of April, and has received no return respecting them, he must be careful to ask the reason why no such return was made, and to record his inquiries.

The enumerator must carefully attend to the requirements contained in the 10th and 12th clauses of the Census Act, respecting the and mode of transmitting the schedules and other documents, taking care that every parcel has clearly recorded on it the name of his census district, and the number of the sub-district to which it belongs, and is properly and securely made up, and in such sized parcels as the postmaster for the district deems expedient.

He will also have to take such steps as may be required by the Honorable the Treasurer to procure payment of all those who are employed under him, and supply them with the necessary certificate and vouchers duly completed and signed.

The enumerator must make out a summary of the returns made by his sub-enumerators, and supply the other information required in enumerator's schedule C.

WILLIAM HENRY ARCHER,

Registrar-General.

Registrar-General's Office,

Melbourne, 27th February, 1861.

APPENDIX D.

INSTRUCTIONS TO SUB-ENUMERATORS.

The sub-enumerator will after his appointment receive from his enumerator a sufficient number of householders' schedules for distribution, and must ascertain the names of the County, Electoral District, Parish, &c. in which his sub-district lies, which, it is advisable he should, in order to save time, insert on the back of the schedules before proceeding to deliver them. He must also make himself acquainted with the manner in which the entried are to be made by the householders. If the directions or examples on the back of the schedule, do not appear clear to him, he must consult the enumerator, whose duty it is to afford him the requisite instructions. He must also make sure that he perfectly understands the boundaries of his sub-district, and where he entertains any doubt on the matter he should consult with his enumerator, or with the sub-enumerator of the division adjoining his, so that he may omit no portion of his sub-district, or enter into the sub-district of any other collector. He should also carefully read over the sections of the Act descriptive of his duty and obligations, which are given in the last page of this book.

On Saturday, the 6th of April, or on such, other days of the nine days preceding as the enumerator shall direct, the sub-enumerator shall leave one or more schedules at every dwelling-place in his district, according to the number of separate families residing in each house.

On the morning of Monday, the 8th of April, the sub-enumerator, taking with him his schedule book and some householders' schedules, given to him for the purpose of supplying any omissions in the distribution, or to use in place of those lost or injured, shall proceed to visit every house in the district assigned to him, selecting that course which is most convenient, and admits of least chance of overlooking any house. If he cannot complete the district within the time assigned by the enumerator, he must nevertheless continue till he has completed the collection of his district, and if it should appear that the time originally allowed by the latter was insufficient, his recommendation for additional remuneration shall be entertained.

At each house the householders' schedule, previously left, must be asked for, and when such paper is given the sub-enumerator must ascertain if it contains all the particulars required, and if not he must endeavor to obtain such further information as is necessary ; he must ask if all the persons who on the night of the 7th of April slept in that house, or in the part of the house which belongs to the occupier making the return, are entered ; also, whether any absent members of the family or household are included, and if so he must strike them out, initialing such alteration, and writing the word "absent" on the margin. He should likewise inquire at each dwelling whether any persons was temporarily absent on the night of the 7th of April, and if there is reason to suppose, in consequence of his being in the bush traveling on that night or on account of his being on watch, or working in a mine or elsewhere, that he may not be recorded elsewhere, he should enter on a separate schedule such particulars as would have been furnished respecting him had he been at home, so far as they can be ascertained, with a note stating the cause of absence, &c., and he will enter this schedule in his book in the page opened for travelers, aborigines, &c.

He must see whether the schedule is a return for the whole house, or only for a part of it, and whether more than one schedule has been left, and in case the house is let or sublet to different families, he must obtain returns for the other part or parts of the house, so that none be omitted.

In the case of out-stations, or of any detached buildings in which persons belonging to a station or household sleep, the sub-enumerator must take care that the instruction be complied with, that they be returned on a separate householder's schedule as being the occupants of separate dwellings ; and in such case as the head of the station or household does not supply full information, the sub-enumerator will have to visit such out-station or out-building to procure the required information to complete the schedule in every particular.

Whenever the sub-enumerator cannot obtain back the householder's schedule with the required particulars entered, he must put the requisite questions to the inmates, and insert the information on one of those he takes with him from the answers given to him. Wherever it can be done without inconvenience or much delay, he must civilly ask to see the master or mistress of the house, or head of the family, and take his information from them.

In case of refusals to make written returns, or in default of returns to answer such questions as the sub-enumerator is authorized to put, he may remind persons so refusing of the penalty to which they are liable for such offence, and point out the caution on the top of the schedule. He may also warn persons whom he suspects of wilfully giving false information of the penalty for that offence. He must represent to the masters and resident owners of all hotels, public-houses, lodging-houses, and the like, that they are required to give a return of the numbers and sexes, and as much as is known to them, respecting every person who abode in their houses on the night of the 7th April.

If a house is found locked up, and a return of the inmates of that house left with a neighbor, the house may be considered as visited.

The sub-enumerator must not omit to enter persons on the schedules because he cannot obtain all the information required respecting them. If, for example, he can learn no more than that a person, who has since gone away and whose name is unknown, slept in the house on the night of the 7th of April, he must fill a schedule for such persons, writing "not known" in the column where the name should be, always stating the sex and such other particulars of age, &c., as he can obtain by inquiry.

When the sub-enumerator has collected the householders' schedules, he must re-examine them at home to ascertain that all those distributed have been received, and that each is properly filled ; and in case of omissions in either respect he must with the utmost promptness take steps to supply them.

He must then arrange the schedules, so that those of each separate place shall be together, in the order of their entry in his schedule book.

When the schedules are properly arranged he must complete from them the information required according to the form of the sub-enumerator's schedule, and deliver all to the enumerators, which must be done within seven days after the time allowed him for the collection of his district.

Each sub-enumerator is required to furnish to the enumerator an estimate of the number of travelers who camped out or slept under drays on the night of the 7th of April within his district, and whom he has not succeeded in enumerating.

The schedules of public institutions, such as hospitals, gaols, and the like, are to be kept separate from those of householders, and distinctly marked.

Sub-enumerators are required to ascertain as accurately as possible the number of the aborigines who may be in their districts, distinguishing the number of men and women, and the number of children of either sex.

WILLIAM HENRY ARCHER,

Registrar-General.

Registrar-General's Office,

Melbourne, 13th February, 1861.

APPENDIX E.

DIRECTIONS RESPECTING THE MANNER IN WHICH ENTRIES ARE TO BE MADE IN THE SUB-ENUMERATOR'S BOOK.

Number of Sub-district.—

The number of each sub-district, as given in the enumerator's schedule of division and on the map, must be stated in addition to the name of the sub-enumerator.

Township, Parish, &c.—

If the sub-district is in a township, write the name ; if in a parish, write the name, and so on ; but if not in a township, draw a line over the word "township," and so on in case of ward, parish, &c. In case a sub-district extends to portions of one or more townships, parishes, gullies, &c., the entries should be so arranged that all the schedules on each page may belong to the place mentioned in the spaces at the top of that page, entering at the end of each parish, &c.,—"End of the parish (or township, &c.) of — ," and making no more entries on that page, but beginning the entries of the next schedule on the next subsequent leaf of the book.

Place.—

When leaving the householders' schedules endeavor to record in this book the position of each house as entered on the back of the form, so that it may easily be found again. In towns, the name of the street and number of the house should be written, and in the country the distinctive name by which the station or house is known.

Name of Householder.—

It is necessary to insert in this book only the name of the head of the household, which should be done at the time of leaving the householder's schedule.

Number of Schedule.—

Every schedule should be numbered, and the sub-enumerator is to observe when going over the ground a second time whether he has omitted to collect any distributed by him. If a schedule is lost or mislaid at the house where it has been left, the original number may be substituted, and a note made of the fact in the column headed " Remarks," so that the sub-enumerator may be able to account for all the schedules he receives.

Persons.—

The number of each sex enumerated in every householder's schedule may be entered therefrom by the sub-enumerator after he completes the collection.

Houses.—

In all cases where houses are subdivided between different households, and more than one schedule left, it must be carefully recorded in the column "Remarks," so as to show the number of houses as contra-distinguished from the number of schedules, as well as the number of forms to be received back at that house when collecting ; and if the description of any house be repeated on more than one of the schedules received therefrom, a note is to be made on the margin thereof of the fact, giving the number of the other schedule containing the information. Dwelling-houses which are uninhabited or building should be inserted, writing "uninhabited" or "building," as the case may be, in the column for remarks, but no entry is to be made of buildings, such as churches or stores, which are not used nor intended to be used as dwelling-houses.

If, owing to removals or other causes, a sub-enumerator cannot recover forms distributed by him, he must note the fact opposite the missing numbers, and if he receives papers distributed in other districts he should enter them after his own, and make note that they were distributed elsewhere.

The totals of one page are not to be carried on to the next, but a summary of all the pages made at the end.

APPENDIX F.

CERTIFICATE OF SUB-ENUMERATOR.

I certify that the account of the population of the district for which I am sub-enumerator, contained in this book, is to the best of my knowledge and belief correct.

Sub-enumerator.

APPENDIX G.

CERTIFICATE OF ENUMERATOR.

I certify that I have examined the entries in this book, which is signed by the sub-enumerator and was delivered to me on the day of April, 1861, and I believe it to be as accurate as possible, and that he has duly performed the duties required of him.

Enumerator.

Date

APPENDIX H.

BOUNDARIES OF CENSUS DISTRICTS.

No. 1.—WEST MELBOURNE.

Commencing at that point on the north bank of the River Yarra Yarra, intersected by a line passing through the centre of Elizabeth-street ; thence north-westerly by a line passing through the centre of Elizabeth-street to Victoria-street ; thence west by a line passing through the centre of Victoria-street and by a line bearing west (excluding the Benevolent Asylum reserve) to the western boundary of the city ; thence south by the western boundary of the city to the River Yarra Yarra ; and thence easterly by the north bank of the River Yarra Yarra to Elizabeth-street, the commencing point aforesaid.

No. 2.—NORTH MELBOURNE.

Commencing at that point in the centre of Victoria-parade, intersected by a line passing through the centre of Nicholson street, and by a line bearing north to the southern boundary of portion 90, parish of Jika Jika ; thence west by the southern boundary of that portion, and by the southern boundary of portion 91 to the Moonee Ponds ; thence southwards by the Moonee Ponds to the site of Mainsbridge ; thence by a line bearing south to a point due west of Victoria-street ; thence by a line bearing east (including the Benevolent Asylum reserve), and by a line passing through the centre of Victoria-street and Victoria-parade to Nicholson-street, the commencing point.

No. 3.—EAST MELBOURNE.

Commencing at that point on the north bank of the River Yarra Yarra, intersected by a line passing through the centre of Elizabeth-street ; thence north-westerly by a line passing through the centre of Elizabeth-street to Victoria-street ; thence east by a line passing through the centre of Victoria-street and Victoria-parade to Gisborne-street ; thence southward by the eastern side of Gisborne-street and a line bearing south to the River Yarra Yarra ; and thence westerly by the north bank of the River Yarra Yarra to the commencing point.

No. 4.—EMERALD HILL.

Commencing at a point on the south bank of the River Yarra Yarra, due south from the Gas Works ; thence by a line south-easterly to a point on the shores of Hobson's Bay, twenty chains, more or less, westward of the Battery ; thence by the sea-coast to Fitzroy-street, St. Kilda ; thence by that street and the Main Brighton Road to Prince's Bridge ; and thence by the River Yarra to the commencing point.

No. 5.—SANDRRIDGE.

Commencing at the junction of the River Yarra and the Saltwater River ; thence by the River Yarra to a point due south of the Gas Works ; thence by a line south-easterly to a point on the shores of Hobson's Bay, twenty chains, more or less, westward of the Battery ; thence by the sea-coast and the River Yarra to the commencing point.

No. 6.—WILLIAMSTOWN.

Commencing on the sea-coast at the south-east angle of portion A, section 3, parish of Cut Paw Paw, bounded on the west by a line bearing north to the Stony Creek ; thence by the Stony Creek to the River Yarra Yarra ; thence by the River Yarra Yarra to the sea ; and thence by the sea-coast to the commencing point.

No. 7.—FITZROY.

Commencing at the intersection of Victoria-parade and Nicholson-street ; thence north by the centre of the latter named street to the southern boundary of the municipality of Brunswick ; thence east by the said southern boundary of the said municipal district to the Merri Creek ; thence south-easterly by the Merri Creek to a bridge south of High-street in the town of Northcote ; thence south westerly by a line passing through the centre of a government road to the centre of the Heidelberg-road ; thence south-westerly by a line passing through the centre of the Heidelberg-road to a point due north of the centre of Smith-street to the centre of Victoria-parade, and thence west by a line passing through the centre of Victoria-parade to the commencing point, namely the intersection of Victoria-parade and Nicholson-street.

No. 8.—EAST COLLINGWOOD.

Commencing at a point in Victoria-parade where it is intersected by Smith-street ; thence by the centre of Victoria-parade to Victoria-street ; thence by Victoria-street and a line due east to the River Yarra ; thence by the River Yarra to the Merri Creek ; thence by the Merri-Creek to a bridge south of High-street in the town of Northcote (being the boundary of the municipality of Fitzroy) ; thence south-westerly by a line through the centre of a government road to the centre of the Heidelberg-road at a point due south of the centre of Smith-street ; thence by the centre of Smith-street to the commencing point in Victoria-parade.

No. 9.—RICHMOND.

Commencing at a point on the Yarra Yarra River due south of the south-eastern side of Gisborne-street ; thence by a line bearing north to Gisborne-street ; thence by the east side of Gisborne-street to Victoria-parade ; thence by a line passing through the centres of Victoria-parade and Victoria-street, and a prolongation of that line to the Yarra Yarra River ; and on the east and south by the Yarra Yarra River to the commencing point.

No. 10.—PRAHRAN.

Commencing at the junction of the Kooyoung Koot or Gardiner's Creek with the Yarra Yarra ; thence by a road south to the Dandenong-road, Wellington-street ; thence westerly to the centre of Wellington-street to its intersection with the Brighton-road ; thence northerly by the Brighton-road to Prince's Bridge ; thence by the centre of the Yarra River to the commencing point, namely the junction of the Kooyoung Koot Creek.

No. 11.— ST. KILDA.

Commencing at the south-east angle of portion No. 32, east of Elsternwick ; thence by a road north (being the eastern boundary of the electoral district of St. Kilda) to the Dandenong road or Wellington-street ; thence westerly through the centre of Wellington-street to its intersection of the Brighton-road ; thence south-westerly by the centre of Fitzroy-street, St. Kilda, to the shores of the bay ; thence by the shores of the bay to a point due west of the south-east angle of portion No. 32, of the parish of Prahran, thence by a line and a road bearing east to the commencing point.

No. 12.—HAWTHORN.

Bounded by the Kooyoung Koot Creek from its junction with the Yarra to the north-eastern angle of the parish of Prahran ; thence by a road to the south-eastern angle of the said parish ; thence by a line east to the south-eastern angle of the parish of Mulgrave, by the boundaries of Mornington and Evelyn to the Yarra, and by the Yarra to the commencing point.

No. 13.—BRIGHTON.

Commencing on the shore of Port Phillip Bay, at the south-west corner of the parish of Prahran ; thence by a road bearing east to the south-east angle of portion No 32 ; thence by a road bearing north to the Yarra Yarra ; thence by the Kooyoung Koot Creek and a road bearing south to the south-eastern angle of the said parish of Prahran ; on the north by the parish of Mulgrave ; on the west and south by the county of Mornington by the coast to the point of commencing.

No. 14.—EAST BOURKE.

Bounded on the north by the Great Dividing Range, from the source of the River Plenty to that of the north-eastern branch of the Saltwater River, near Big Hill ; on the west by the Saltwater River downwards to the south-western angle of section 12. parish of Bulla Bulla ; thence by the southern boundary of the said portion and by a line bearing east to the source of the Moonee Ponds, in section X, parish of Yurake ; thence by the Moonee Ponds southerly to the north-western angle of portion CXLII, parish of Jika Jika ; thence by a line bearing east and by the northern, eastern, and southern boundaries of the town reserve of Pentridge to the Merri Creek ; thence southwards by the Merri Creek to the south-western angle of portion CXXIII, in the parish of Jika Jika ; thence by a line bearing east to the Darebin Creek ; thence by the Darebin Creek to the River Yarra Yarra ; thence by the River Yarra Yarra to its junction with the River Plenty ; and thence by the River Plenty to its source in the Dividing Range.

No. 15.—EAST BOURKE BOROUGHS.

Commencing at a point on the east bank of the Moonee Ponds, being the north-western angle of portion CXLII, parish of Jika Jika ; thence by a line bearing east, and by the northern, eastern, and southern boundaries of the town reserve of Pentridge to the Merri Creek ; thence southwards by the Merri Creek to the south-western angle of portion CXXIII in the said parish ; thence by a line bearing east to the Darebin Creek ; thence southwards by the Darebin Creek to the River Yarra Yarra ; thence by the River Yarra Yarra to the Merri Creek aforesaid ; thence northwards by the Merri Creek to the south-eastern angle of portion XC in the said parish; thence west by the southern boundaries of portion XC and XCI to the Moonee Ponds aforesaid ; and thence northwards by the Moonee Ponds to the commencing point.

No. 16.—KEILOR.

Commencing at the mouth of the Skeleton Waterholes ; thence by the coast and the Werribee to the north-east angle of section 27, in the parish of Tarrnelt ; thence east by a government road to the south-east angle of section 2, in the parish of Derrimut ; thence northwards by the government road to the Kororoit Creek ; thence by that creek to the south-west angle of portion A, section 2 ; thence north to the north-western angle of section 21, in the parish of Maribyrnong ; thence west to the north-western angle of section 20, in the parish of Kororoit ; thence north to the eastern branch of the Kororoit Creek ; thence by that creek to the north-west angle of section 13, in the parish of Holden ; thence east to the north-east corner of section 15, parish of Holden ; thence south by a government road and line to the south-west angle of section 5 of said parish ; thence by the south and east boundaries of section 5 to the Macedon Creek ; thence by the Macedon Creek and the Saltwater River to the southern boundary of portion A, section 13, in the parish of Tullamarine ; thence by the south and east boundaries of said portion and by a line north to the Moonee Ponds, where it intersects the eastern boundary of section one (1) parish of Bulla ; thence by the Moonee Ponds, the municipal boundary of Melbourne, the Yarra Yarra the north and west boundaries of the municipality of Williamstown, and the shores of Port Phillip Bay, to the commencing point, namely, the mouth of the Skeleton Waterholes.

No. 17.—GISBORNE.

Commencing on the eastern branch of the Kororoit Creek at the north-west corner of section 2, in the parish of Holden ; thence by the Kororoit Creek and the northern boundaries of section 6, 5, 4, and 30, in the parish of Yangardook to the Toolam Toolern Creek ; thence by that creek to the north-eastern angle of section 47, in the parish of Yangardook ; thence west to a government road ; thence northerly by that road to the south-west corner of the parish of Gisborne ; thence by said road (being the south-west boundary of the parish of Gisborne and Macedon) in a north-westerly direction to the Dividing Range ; thence by the Dividing Range to the south-western angle of section 33, in the parish of Forbes ; thence by the northern and eastern boundaries of the electoral district of West Bourke, to the intersection of the Moonee Ponds of the eastern boundary of section 1, parish of Bulla ; thence south to the south-east angle of portion H. section 13, parish of Tullamarine ; thence west to the Saltwater River ; thence by that river to the Macedon River ; thence by the Macedon River to the eastern boundary of section 5, parish of Holden ; thence by the eastern, southern, and western boundaries of that section and by a line north to the north-east corner of section 15, in the parish of Holden ; thence by the northern boundaries of sections 15, 14, and 13 to the eastern branch of the Kororoit Creek ; thence by that creek to the commencing point.

No. 18.—BACCHUS MARSH.

Commencing on the eastern branch of the Kororoit Creek at the north-west corner of section 2, in the parish of Holden ; thence westward by the Kororoit Creek and the northern boundary of sections 6, 5, 4, and 30, in the parish of Yangardook, to the Toolam Toolern Creek ; thence by that creek to the north-eastern angle of section 47, in the parish of Yangardook ; thence west to a government road ; thence northerly by said road to the south-west corner of the parish of Gisborne ; thence north-westerly by the same road (forming the south-west boundary of the parishes of Gisborne and Macedon) to the Dividing Range ; thence westerly by the Dividing Range to the source of the Werribee River ; thence by the Werribee to the south-west angle of section 1, in the parish of Pywheitiorrk ; thence east to the south-east angle of section 2, in the parish of Derrimut ; thence northwards by a government road to the Kororoit Creek ; thence by that creek to the south-west angle of portion A, section 2 ; thence north to the north-west angle of section 21, in the parish of Maribyrnong ; thence west to the north-western angle of section 20 ; thence north to the Kororoit Creek, being the commencing point.

No. 19.—EVELYN.

Bounded on the west by part of the eastern boundary of the county of Bourke, that is to say ; by the River Plenty from its source to the River Yarra Yarra ; thence by the River Yarra Yarra to the confluence of the Deep Creek ; thence by that creek to the range between the River Yarra Yarra and the Dandenong Creek ; on the south-east and north by the range forming the basin of the River Yarra Yarra, excepting any portion of the diggings near Mount Baw Baw which may be within the county of Evelyn.

No. 20.—MORNINGTON.

Bounded on the north by part of the southern boundary of the county of Evelyn, being the Dividing Range from the source of the River Buneep Buneep to the source of the Deep Creek ; thence by that creek and a line south two miles fifty-eight chains to Dandenong Creek ; thence by that creek to the Carnum Swamp ; by that swamp and the Mordiallic Creek to its mouth at the Long Beach, below Ben Ben Gin ; thence by the

shores of Port Phillip Bay to Point Nepean ; on the south-west and south by the sea coast from Point Nepean to Cape Patterson ; on the east by a line north from Cape Patterson to the Warringrin Range ; thence along the said range in a northerly direction to the mouth of the River Buneep Buneep, and by that river to its source in the Dividing Range, including French and Phillip Islands and the small islands in Western Port Bay.

No. 21.—KILMORE.

Commencing at a point on the eastern branch of Korukuruc Creek, two miles fifty-five chains south of its junction with the main stream, and bounded on the north by a line east from the said point to Dry Creek ; on the east by the western branch of the Dry Creek, to its source ; thence by a line south to the boundary of the county of Bourke, on the south by the said boundary to the source of the eastern branch of the aforesaid Korukuruc Creek, and on the west by that eastern branch to the commencing point.

No. 22.—KYNETON.

Commencing at the source of McIvor Creek ; thence south by a line to the source of Mollison's Creek in the Great Dividing Range ; thence westward by the Dividing Range to the eastern boundary of the county of Talbot ; thence by that boundary, namely, the Coliban River, to the confluence of the Rivers Campaspe and Coliban ; thence by a line bearing south-easterly to the commencing point, namely, the source of the MeIvor Creek.

No. 23.—ANGLESEY.

Commencing in the Great Dividing Range at the source of Mollison's Creek ; thence eastward by the Great Dividing Range to the main source of the Goulburn ; thence by the range dividing the waters of the main source of the Goulburn and the Big Rivers from those of the Rubican and Snodpon-dock Creek northward to Mount Torbrick ; thence by Jerusalem Creek to its confluence with the River Goulburn ; thence by the River Goulburn to the confluence of the River Delatite ; thence by the River Delatite and its north-western arm, to the Dividing, Range between the last-named arm and Septimus Creek ; thence north by that range to the source of Hughes Creek, and thence by Hughes' Creek to its confluence with the River Goulburn ; thence by a line south-west to the source of the McIvor and Patterson's Creek ; thence by a line south to the commencing point, excepting the county comprised in the electoral district of Kilmore.

No. 24.—RODNEY.

Commencing at the confluence of the Rivers Campaspe and Coliban ; thence by a line south-easterly to the source of the McIvor or Patterson's Creek ; thence by a line north-easterly to the confluence of Hughes' Creek with the River Goulburn ; thence by the Rivers Goulburn, Murray, and Campaspe, to the confluence of the Campaspe and Coliban aforesaid.

No. 25.—BENALLA.

Commencing on the River Murray, west of the junction of the Ovens River, at the north-western angle of the parish of Bundalong ; thence by a line south along the western boundary of that parish to Futter's Range, and by that range to the source of the Fifteen Mile Creek, and by a line south-easterly from thence crossing King River and Running Creek to the source of the Buffalo River ; and thence south to the Alps ; thence to the south by the Alps to the boundary of the county of Anglesey ; thence by the latter boundary to the junction of Hughes Creek with the Goulburn, and by the latter named river to its junction with the River Murray, and up the latter river to the commencing point, namely, the north-western angle of the parish of Bundalong.

No. 26.—WANGARATTA.

Commencing on the River Murray at the north-western boundary of the parish of Bundalong, and by a line due south along the western boundary of that parish to Futter's Range southwards to a point east of Glenrowen, where the electric telegraph crosses the range to Wangaratta ; thence by the electric telegraph posts to the southern boundary of the township of Wangaratta, by that boundary to the point where the telegraph again issue from the borough ; and thence by the telegraph posts to the southern boundary of the municipality of Beechworth ; thence by the western and northern boundaries of the municipality to the point where the telegraph line again issues from the municipality ; thence by the telegraph posts to the borough boundary of Belvoir, and by the eastern boundary of Belvoir to the River Murray, and down the latter river to the commencing point, namely, the north-western angle of the parish of Bundalong.

No. 27.—BEECHWORTH.

Commencing at a point east of Glenrowen, where the electric telegraph crosses Futter's Range, to Wangaratta ; thence by the electric telegraph posts to the southern boundary of the township of Wangaratta, by that boundary to the point where the telegraph again issues from the borough ; thence by the telegraph posts to the southern boundary of the municipality of Beechworth ; thence by the western and northern boundaries of the municipality to the point where the telegraph line again issues from the municipality ; thence by the telegraph posts to Yackandandah Gap ; thence south-westerly by the Dividing Range to the Dingle Range ; thence by that range and a spur running south-easterly to the range forming part of the basin of the Yackandandah Creek ; thence south-easterly by that range and the Bogong Range and a line southerly to the Dividing Range ; thence by a line south to a point on the Ovens River, nine miles above its junction with the River Buckland ; thence up the River Ovens to its source in the Main Range ; thence westerly and northerly to the source of the Buffalo River ; thence by a line north-westerly crossing King River to the head of Futter's Range, and by that range northerly to the commencing point, namely, where the electric telegraph passes the range east of Glenrowen.

No. 28.—YACKANDANDAH.

Commencing on the River Murray at the north-eastern angle of the borough of Belvoir or Wodonga ; thence by the eastern side of that borough to the point where the electric telegraph issues from the town ; thence by the line of posts to the Yackandandah Gap ; thence south-westerly by the Dividing Range to the Dingle Range ; thence by that range and a spur running south-easterly and easterly to the range forming part of the basin of the Yackandandah Creek ; thence south-easterly by that range to the eastern boundary of the Electoral District of the Ovens ; thence by a line northerly to a point due west of the junction of the Snowy Creek with the River Mitta Mitta ; thence by a line east to said junction ; thence by said river and a line east to the Benambra Mountains ; thence by the Benambra Mountains and a line east through Mount Pinnabar to the River Indi or Murray ; thence by that river to the commencing point, namely, the north-eastern angle of the borough of Wodonga or Belvoir.

No. 29.—OMEO.

Commencing near the source of the Sandy Creek, at a point due west of the junction of the Snowy Creek and the Mitta Mitta River ; thence due east to said junction, and by the Mitta Mitta River and a line east to the Benambra Mountains and by the latter range and a line east through Mount Pinabar to the Indi or Murray River ; thence by that river to its source in the Dividing Range ; thence by the boundary of New South Wales to the Snowy River and by the Snowy River to a point due east of Notch Hill ; thence by a line due west passing south of the Fainting Range to the junction of the Wonnangatta and Wonganarra Rivers ; thence northwards by the

latter river to its source in the Great Dividing Range, and by the range eastwards to a point south of the Bogong Mountains ; thence to the Bogong Range, and by the Bogong Range and a line northwards to the source of the Sandy Creek, and by that creek to the commencing point, namely, a point due west of the junction of the Snowy Creek with the Mitta Mitta River.

No. 30.—MARYBOROUGH.

Commencing on the River Loddon at the north-western angle of the reserve of Newstead ; thence south by the Green Gully Creek, and upwards by that creek to a point due east of the south-eastern angle of the Glengower pre-emptive right (Glass) ; thence due west by the southern boundary of the parish of Rodborough to the south-west angle of section 8 of said parish ; thence north by a surveyed road to its intersection of the road from Newstead to Amherst, between Joice's and Bucknall's pre-emptive sections ; thence westwards by the southern boundary of the parish of Moolort to the south-eastern angle of the parish of Carisbrook ; thence by the southern boundary of said parish and the northern boundary of the reserve on Mount Greenock Creek, in the parish of Craigie, to the south-eastern angle of the parish of Maryborough, and by the southern boundary of said parish passing south of White Horse and Frenchman's Reefs and north of Britannia, Welcome, and Prussian Reefs to the point where the road from Maryborough to the Avoca crosses the Adelaide Lead ; thence by the latter named road through the parish of Bung Bong to the crossing place on the Bet Bet, on McNeil's Creek, being about two miles north of Bradshaw's pre-emptive section ; thence down said creek to its junction with the Loddon River, and by the latter named river to the commencing point, namely, the north-western angle of the township reserve of Newstead.

No. 31.—CASTLEMAINE.

Commencing at the junction of Limestone Creek with the River Loddon ; thence southwards by that creek to its source ; thence by a line east to the Middleton Creek ; thence northwards by that creek to its junction with the Loddon (namely a point about three miles south of Fryerstown) ; thence to the Coliban River by a line due east passing through the parishes of Fryers and Drummond, and by a government road to the north east angle of section 64, of the latter named parish ; thence northward by the River Coliban to the Myrtle Creek ; thence by the Myrtle Creek to the Mount Alexander range ; thence by the Mount Alexander range to the head of Barker's Creek, and by Barker's Creek to the borough of Harcourt ; thence westward and southward by the boundaries of said borough and the creek to the northern boundary of the borough of Castlemaine ; thence westerly and southerly by the boundaries of the latter named borough to Campbell's Creek, and by Campbell's Creek and the River Loddon to the commencing point, namely, the junction of the Limestone Creek, being the electoral district of Castlemaine exclusive of Muckleford.

No. 32.—DAYLESFORD.

Commencing on the River Loddon at the north-west angle of the township reserve of Newstead ; thence southward to Green Gully Creek ; thence upwards to a point near its source due east of the south-east angle of Glengower pre-emptive section (Hugh Glass) ; thence by the southern boundary of the latter named section and the southern boundary of the parish to a road west of section 8 of said parish ; thence south-easterly and southerly by said road and a line due south to the Bullarook Creek ; thence south-easterly by said creek to the north-east angle of section 89 of the parish of Spring Hill ; thence by a government road bearing south to the south-east angle of section 84, parish of Spring Hill ; thence by a government road bearing east and south to the south-west angle of section 45 of said parish, and the western and southern boundaries of sections 47 and 48 of said parish ; thence by a government road bearing south-easterly to the south-west angle of Birch's pre-emptive section ; thence by the southern boundary of said pre-emptive section east to the Bullarook Creek ; thence southerly by said creek to the southern boundary of the county of Talbot ; thence by the county boundary eastward and northward, namely by the Main Dividing Range and the River Coliban, to a point on the River Coliban, about half-a-mile south of the township reserve of Malmsbury, being the north-east angle of section 64, parish of Drummond ; thence west by a government road and a line west through said parish to the junction of the River Loddon and the Middleton Creek, at a point nearly three miles due south to the reserve of Fryerstown ; thence southwards crossing the River Loddon by Middleton Creek, for a distance of about three miles, to a point due east of the source of Limestone Creek ; thence by a line bearing west to said source ; thence northwards by the Limestone Creek to the River Loddon ; and thence by the River Loddon to the commencing point, namely, the north-western angle of the township reserve of Newstead.

No. 33.—CRESWICK.

Commencing at the north-east angle of section 89, parish of Spring Hill, bounded on the east by a government road bearing south to the south-east angle of section 84, parish of Spring Hill ; thence by a government road bearing east and south to the south-west angle of section 45 of said parish, thence by the southern boundary of section 45, and the western and southern boundaries of section 47 and 48 of said parish ; thence by a government road bearing south-easterly to the south-west angle of Birch's pre-emptive right to the Bullarook Creek ; thence southerly by said creek to the southern boundary of the county of Talbot ; thence westerly by said boundary to the south-east angle of portion 6 of section 17 (parish of Addington) ; thence by a government road bearing north to the north-east angle of section 33 of said parish ; thence by a government road bearing west to the north-east angle of section 165, parish of Lexton ; thence by a government road and a line bearing north to the south-western angle of section 97 parish of Beckworth, bounded on the north by a government road to the south-east angle of section 86 of said parish ; thence north by a government road to the north-east angle of section 108 of said parish ; thence by a line bearing due east to the Deep Creek ; thence by the Deep Creek bearing north-easterly to the south-west angle of section 3, parish of Eglinton ; thence east to the south-east angle of said section ; thence by a government road and a line bearing south to the Bullarook Creek ; thence by said creek to the commencing point, namely, the north-east angle of section 89, parish of Spring Hill, being the electoral divisions of Creswick and Clunes.

No. 34.—AMHERST.

Commencing on the road from Newstead to Amherst, between Joice's and Bucknell's pre-emptive sections, about two miles east of the latter section at the intersection of the surveyed road running north and south by the north-western angle of section 2 of the parish of Rodborough ; thence by the Amherst road and a road north to the south-eastern angle of the parish of Carisbrook ; thence by the southern boundary of said parish and the northern boundary of the reserve on Mount Greenock Creek, in the parish of Craigie ; thence by the southern boundary of the parish of Carishbrook and parish of Maryborough, passing south of White Horse and Frenchman's Reefs, and north of Britannia, Piccaninny, Welcome, and Prussian Reefs, to the point where the road from Maryborough to Avoca crosses the Adelaide Lead ; thence by the latter road through the parish of Bung Bong to the crossing place on the Bet Bet or McNeil's Creek being about two miles north of Bradshaw's pre-emptive section ; thence up said creek to its source in the Dividing Range ; thence eastward by said range, being the southern boundary of the county of Talbot, through the parishes of Ercildoun and Addington to portion 6 of section 17 of said parish ; thence by a government road bearing north to the north-east angle of section 33 of said parish ; thence by a government road bearing west to the north-east angle of section 165, of parish of Lexton ; thence by a government road and a line bearing north to the south-western angle of section 97 of the parish of Beckworth, thence east by a government road to the south-east angle of portion 86 of said parish ; thence north by a government road to the north-east angle of section 108 of said parish ; thence by a line bearing due east to the Deep Creek ; thence by the Deep Creek bearing north-easterly to the south-west angle of section 3, parish of

Eglinton ; thence east to the south-east angle of said section ; thence northwards by a government road through, the parish of Rodborough to the commencing point, namely, the point where the said road crosses the road from Newstead to Amherst.

No. 35.—GRELONG EAST.

Commencing at the north-western angle of the town reserve of Geelong ; thence by a line south to the River Barwon ; thence westward and north-westward by the River Barwon to the western boundary of the reserve at the junction of the Moorarbool and Barwon ; thence east by the northern boundary of section 25, parish of Barrabool ; thence south by the eastern boundaries of sections 25 and 11, and the eastern boundary of section in the same parish to the south-west angle of the municipal district of South Barwon ; thence easterly by the southern boundary of said municipality and by the southern boundaries of sections 3 and 4 in the parish of Connewarre ; thence north-easterly by a curved line crossing the River Barwon to the south-eastern angle of section 11, in the parish of Moolap ; thence by the eastern boundary of that section and a line north to the shores of Corio Bay ; and thence by the shores of Corio Bay to the north-western angle of the town reserve ; the commencing point aforesaid including the remaining portion of the reserve at Point Henry.

No. 36.—GEELONG WEST.

Bounded on the north and north-west by a line drawn at a distance of 2 miles from the north-western angle of the town reserve of Geelong, as a centre from the western shore of Corio Bay, near Cowie's Creek, to a road leading to the River Barwon ; on the west by that road on the south-west and south by the River Barwon, and on the east by the western boundary of the town reserve of Geelong and the shores of Corio Bay, including the reserve at the junction of the Barwon and Moorarbool.

No. 37.—BARWON DISTRICT OF SOUTH GRANT.

Commencing near Inverleigh at the junction of the River Yarrowee with the River Barwon ; thence by the latter river to Fyansford ; thence by the municipal boundaries of Geelong, Ashby, and Barwon to the shore of Port Phillip Bay, east of Point Henry ; thence eastward, southward, westward, and northward by the county boundary to the commencing point, namely, the junction of the Yarrowee and Barwon Rivers at Inverleigh.

No. 38.—MOORARBOOL, SOUTH GRANT.

Commencing on the Werribee River, at the north-west angle of the town reserve of Ballan ; thence southward by the western boundary of said reserve to the road from Ballan to Buninyong ; thence westward by the latter mentioned road, passing through Patterson's pre-emptive right and the Mount Egerton reserve to a point due north of the north-east angle of Scott's pre-emptive right ; thence by a line south to the north-west angle of section 12, parish of Buninyong ; thence to the source of Williamson's Creek, and southwards by that creek to its junction with the River Leigh or Yarrowee ; thence southwards by said river to its junction with the River Barwon, then eastwards down the River Barwon to its entrance at Fyansford into the municipal boundary of Geelong ; thence northward by the municipal boundary of Geelong to the shores of Port Phillip Bay at Cowie's Creek ; thence by the Bay to the mouth of the Werribee ; thence by the Werribee upwards to the commencing point, namely, the north-west angle of the town reserve of Ballan.

No. 39.—BUNINYONG AND GORDON.

Buninyong District.—Commencing at a point on the River Leigh or Yarrowee at Winters, where the road from Buninyong to Carngham crosses the river; thence southwards by the River Leigh to its junction with the Williamson Creek ; thence upwards by that creek to a point near its source at the north-west angle of section 12 of the parish of Buninyong ; thence by a line north in continuation of a government road from the north-east angle of Scott's pre-emptive section, to the centre of the road to Balian to Buninyong; thence westward by said road to the western boundary of the municipality of Buninyong; thence by the eastern, northern, and western boundaries of said municipality to the point where the road from Buninyong to Carngham issues from the municipality, and thence by said road north-westerly to the commencing point, namely, where the road crosses the River Leigh or Yarrowee at Winters.

Gordon District.—Commencing at the source of the western branch of the Moorarbool River in the Main Dividing Range ; thence southward by that river to the point where it is intersected by the road from Buninyong to Bailan, opposite the south-east angle of Fiskin's pre-emptive section ; thence eastwards by the centre of said road, passing through Mount Egerton reserve and Patterson's pre-emptive right, to the south-western boundary of the town reserve of Balian, and by the western boundary to the said reserve to the River Werribee; thence by the River Werribee upwards to its source in the Main Range, and by the Main Range westward to the commencing point, namely, the western source of the western branch of the Moorarbool.

No. 40.—BALLAARAT EAST.

Commencing at the source of the western branch of the River Moorarbool in the Great Dividing Range; thence southward by that river to the point where it is crossed by the road from Ballan to Buninyong, opposite the south-east angle of Fiskin's pre-emptive section ; thence by said road to the western boundary of the municipality of Buninyong ; thence northwards, westwards, and southwards by boundaries of said municipality to the point where the road from Buninyong to Carngham issues from the municipality ; thence north-west by that road to the point of Winters, where it crosses the Yarrowee River ; thence northward by that river to its source in the Great Dividing Range ; thence eastward by the Dividing Range to the commencing point, namely, the source of the western branch of the Moorarbool River.

No. 41.—BALLAARAT WEST.

Commencing at the source of the Burrumbeet Creek, in the Great Dividing Range; thence by the Burrumbeet Creek and the eastern and southern shores of Lake Burrumbeet to Bailie's Creek ; thence by that creek to the point where it is crossed at Carngham by the main road from Buninyong ; thence eastward by the centre of that road to the River Yarrowee; thence northwards by that river to the Main Dividing Range, and thence westward by the main Dividing Range to the commencing point, namely, the source of Bailie's Creek.

No. 42.—NORTH GRENVILLE.

Commencing at a point at Bailie's Creek where it is intersected by the main road at Carngham ; thence eastward from that point by the centre of the main road from Carngham to Buninyong to the point where it intersects the River Leigh or Yarrowee at Winters ; thence southwards by that river to the main road from Shelford to Lismore ; thence westwards by that road to the Gnarkeet Ponds ; thence northwards to the Gnarkeet Ponds and a line north to the Emu Creek ; and thence by the Emu Creek and Bailie's Creek to the commencing point, namely, where the Carngham road crosses the creek.

No. 43.—RAGLAN.

Commencing at the point on the Dividing Range due south of the south-western angle of the agricultural reserve of Crowlands, where the eastern boundary of the electoral district of Ararat crosses the boundary of the county of Ripon ; thence south by the said electoral district boundary to its south-eastern angle ; thence by a line southerly to the north-eastern angle of J.G.Ware's pre-emptive section on the Fiery Creek ; thence by the eastern boundary of that section to the said creek, and by that creek to the township of Streatham ; thence by the northern, eastern, and southern boundary of the said township to the point where the creek issues from it, and by said creek to the southern boundary of the county of Ripon, namely, about two and a half miles below the township ; thence

eastward, northward, and westward by the county boundaries of Ripon to the commencing point, namely, the place where the boundary of the electoral district of Ararat crosses the Dividing Range.

No. 44.—ARARAT.

Commencing at the south-western angle of the agricultural reserve of Crowlands ; thence south 18 miles by the eastern boundary of the electoral district of Ararat ; thence by a line southerly to the north-east angle of J.G. Ware's pre-emptive section on the Fiery Creek; thence by the eastern boundary of said section to the creek, and that creek to the township of Streatham ; thence by the northern, western, and southern boundary of said township to the point where the creek again issues from the township ; thence south about two and a half miles by that river to the southern boundary of the county of Ripon ; thence westward and northward by the county boundary to the Grampians ; thence by the Grampians and Mount William Creek to the Wimmera River ; thence by the Wimmera upwards to the western boundary of the agricultural reserve of Crowlands ; and thence to the commencing point, namely, the south-western angle of said reserve.

No. 45.—COLAC.

Bounded on the north by the main road from Geelong to Portland from its intersection of the Yarrowee to the Gnarkeet Ponds; on the west by the Gnarkeet Ponds, Lake Korangamite, and Pirron Yaloak Creek to its source; thence by the range to the source of the Gillibrand River, and by that stream to the ocean; thence by the sea-coast to the Salt Creek, and by this creek upwards to its source; thence by a line across the Dividing Range to the source of Hopkins Creek, and by that creek to the Barwon River, and by that river to the Yarrowee or Leigh, and by the latter to the crossing place of the main road from Geelong.

No. 46.—CAMPERDOWN.

Commencing near Mount Emu at the bend of Mount Emu Creek; thence by a line southerly passing west of Lake Elingamite to the source of Curdies Creek ; thence by the Creek to the sea ; thence easterly by the sea-coast to the mouth of the Gillibrand River ; thence northward by the said river and the western boundary of the county of Polwarth to the south-eastern boundary of the county of Hampden ; thence by the eastern, northern, western, and southern boundary of the county of Hampden to the commencing point, namely, the bend of Emu Creek near Mount Emu.

No. 47.—HOPKINS DISTRICT.

Commencing at a point on the sea-coast due south of the southern angle of portion 6 of the parish of Koroit ; thence north by a line and by the western boundary of the said portion to a government road; thence west by the centre of that government road to the western boundary of portion 28 in the same parish ; thence northerly by the centre of the government road to the township of Kirkstall ; thence by the southern, western, and northern boundaries of said township to the point where the road issues from it ; thence, again, by centre of said road to the township of Woolsthorpe ; thence by the southern, western, and northern boundary of Woolsthorpe to Spring Creek ; thence northerly by that creek and Youle's Creek to the northern boundary of Lindsay's pre-emptive right ; thence by the centre of the Caramut road to Caramut ; thence by the southern, western, and northern boundaries of said township to the centre of the road to Chatsworth, and by that road to the western boundary of the reserve of Chatsworth, and by that boundary to the River Hopkins ; thence southerly by that river to the northern boundary of the county of Heytesbury ; thence eastward by the Emu Creek to its bend at Mount Emu ; thence southerly by a line east of Lake Elingamite to Curdies Creek ; thence by Curdies Creek to the Sea-coast, and by the sea-coast to the commencing point, omitting the municipality of Warrnambool.

No. 48.—WESTERN VILLIERS.

Commencing at a point on the sea-coast due south of the southern angle of portion 6 of the parish of Koroit ; thence north by a line and by the western boundary of the said portion to a government road ; thence west by the centre of that government road to the western boundary of portion 28 in the same parish ; thence northerly by the centre of the government road to the township of Kirkstall ; thence by the southern, western, and northern boundaries of said township to the point where the road issues from it; thence, again, by the centre of said road to the township of Woolsthorpe ; thence by the southern, western, and northern boundary of woolsthorpe to Spring Creek ; thence northerly by that creek and Youle's Creek to the northern boundary of Lindsay's pre-emptive right ; thence by the centre of the Caramut road to Caramut; thence by the southern, western, and northern boundaries of said township to the centre of the road to Chatsworth, and by that road to the western boundary of the reserve of Chatsworth, and by that boundary to the River Hopkins; thence northerly by that river to the southern boundary of the county of Ripon ; thence westerly, southerly, and easterly by the boundaries of the county of Villiers to the commencing point, excluding the municipality of Belfast.

No. 49.—BELFAST.

Bounded on the west by a line commencing at a point on the sea-coast being the south-eastern angle of section 7, parish of Belfast, and bearing north 7 degrees 52 minutes west, being the eastern boundary of sections 7, 8, 9, and 10, to the southern boundary of section 24, in the parish aforesaid ; thence by a line easterly being the southern boundary of sections 24, 25, 26, and 27, to the river Moyne ; thence by the western side of the River Moyne to the Belfast Lough ; thence by a line south-easterly, crossing the said lough to the northern angle of suburban portion 380, in the said parish of Belfast ; thence by the north eastern boundary of the said portion, to the sea-coast; and thence by the sea-coast to the commencing point aforesaid, including the islands at the mouth of the River Moyne.

No. 50.—WARRNAMBOOL.

Bounded on the east by a line commencing at a point on the River Hopkins, being the south-western angle of section 1, parish of Wangoon, and bearing north 20 chains ; on the north by a line bearing to the Merri River, on the west and south-west by the Merri River to its mouth ; on the south by the sea-coast of Warrnambool Bay, from the mouth of the said river to that of the River Hopkins ; and thence to the point of commencement.

No. 51.—PORTLAND MUNICIPALITY.

Bounded on the east by a line commencing at a point on the beach bearing east 8 chains from the north angle of allotment 31 of northern suburbans and on the north by a line bearing west 65 chains; on the west by a line bearing south 233 chains, 34 links ; on the south by a line bearing east to the sea-coast ; and on the east again by the sea-coast northerly to the point of commencement.

No. 52. —NORMANBY.

Bounded on the north by the Grange Burn and Wannon River ; until the latter joins the Glenelg River until it reaches the sea ; on the south by the sea shore to the south of the Shaw River, and on the east by the Eummeralla River ; thence by a line northerly to the source of the Swamp Creek, and by that creek to where it empties itself into the Mount Napier Swamp ; and thence by a line due north six miles fifteen chains to the Grange Burn, including the Lawrence and Lady Julia Percy's Island ; excepting the country included within the electoral district of Portland.

No. 53.—DUNDAS, FOLLETT, AND WEST WIMMERA.

Bounded on the north by the Mallee Scrab ; on the east by the Yarriamblack Creek, the Wimmera River, the Grampians, and the Serra Range ; on the south by Villers and Normanby ; on the west by the frontier of South Australia.

No. 54.—CROWLANDS.

Commencing at Brim, on the Yarriamblack Creek, thence by a line south-easterly to the northern shore of Lake Buloke ; thence easterly to the Avoca River at Charlton ; thence by the Avoca River upwards to its source in the Amphitheatre (taking that branch which flows between the Mountain Hut and the Amphitheatre diggings) ; thence westward by the Main Range namely, the northern boundary of the county of Ripon, to that point on the range where it is intersected by the eastern boundary of the electoral district of Ararat ; thence northerly by said boundary to the south-western angle of the agricultural reserve of Crowlands ; thence by the western boundary of said reserve to the River Wimmera ; thence by the latter named river to the junction of the Yarriamblack Creek, and northwards by that creek and a line bearing north to the commencing point at Brim.

No. 55.—SWAN HILL.

Commencing on the River Murray at the boundary of South Australia ; thence by said boundary to the Mallce Scrub and by the scrub south-easterly to the source of the Yarriamblack Creek at Lake Coorong, and by the Yarriamblack Creek to Brim ; thence south-easterly to the northern shores of Lake Buloke ; and thence easterly to the Avoca River at Charlton ; thence northward by the Avoca and a line north to the River Murray, and by the latter named river to the commencing point, namely, the boundary of South Australia.

No. 56.—AVOCA NORTH.

Commencing at the north eastern angle of Catto's pre-emptive section ; thence by the northern boundary of that section and a line due west to the Bullabul Creek ; thence westerly by that creek and the kangderaar and Mclntyre's Creeks to Hunter's pre-emptive section, and by the southern boundary of that section to its south-west angle ; thence southerly by the bush road to the northern boundary of Bealba section ; thence by the road to Cochran's Creek ; thence by that creek to its intersection with a surveyed road passing westerly to the Avoca, and by the latter named road to the Avoca River ; thence by the Avoca downward to Lake Bael Bael ; and thence by a line northward to the Murray ; thence by the River Murray to the River Loddon ; thence southwards by the River Loddon to the Commencing point, namely, the north-eastern angle of Catto's pre-emptive section.

No. 57.—AVOCA SOUTH.

Commencing at the north-eastern angle of Catto's pre-emptive section ; thence by the northern boundary of that section and a line due west to the Bullabul Creek ; thence westerly by that creek and the Kangderaar and McIntyre's Creeks to Hunter's pre-emptive section, and by the southern boundary of that section to its south-west angle ; thence southerly by the bush road to the northern boundary of the Bealba section ; thence by the road to Cochran's Creek ; thence by that creek to its intersection to the west of the police reserve at Cochran's with a surveyed road passing westerly to the Avoca, and by the latter named road to the Avoca River ; thence by the Avoca upwards, taking that branch which passes between the Amphitheatre and Mountain Hut diggings (excluding the latter) to the Main Range ; thence easterly by that range to the source of the Bet Bet or McNeil's Creek, (being the western boundary of the county of Talbot) ; thence by that creek to its junction with the Loddon, and by the latter named river downwards to the commencing point, namely, the north-eastern angle of Catto's pre-emptive section.

No. 58.—EAST LODDON NORTH.

Commencing on the Loddon River near the junction of the Bet Bet Creek, at the south-western angle of the parish of Laane Corie ; thence due east by the southern boundaries of the parishes of Laane Corie, Wood-stock, Shelbourn, and Ravenswood, to the road from Castlemaine to Sandhurst ; thence northerly by the middle of that road to Bullock Creek ; thence down the Bullock Creek to a point due west of Mowett's pre-emptive section (omitting the borough of Lockwood) ; and by a line east to the northern boundary of that section, crossing Myer's Creek ; thence along the road from Mowett's to Piccaninny Creek, till it reaches the Whipstick scrub ; thence by the northern limit of that scrub to the Bendigo Creek ; thence by that creek to the northern boundary of the parish of Nolan ; thence eastward by that boundary to the Campaspe ; thence down the Campaspe to its junction with the Murray River ; thence down that river to the confluence of the River Loddon ; thence up the Loddon to the commencing point, namely, the south-western angle of the parish of Laane Corie.

No. 59.—LOCKWOOD.

Commencing on the road from Castlemaine to Sandhurst at the bridge over the Bullock Creek, thence by the centre of that road till it reaches the boundary of the municipality of Sandhurst, thence crossing the Bendigo Creek by the southern, western, and northern boundaries of the municipality to the point where the creek issues from the municipality, thence by the Bendigo Creek to the northern boundary of the Whipstick Scrub, thence by the northern limit of that scrub to a road from Moweth Station to the Piccanniny Creek ; by that road and the northern boundary of Moweth pre-emptive section to Myers Creek ; from that creek by a line due west of Bullock Creek and by the latter named creek upwards, including the borough of Lockwood to the commencing point, namely, the bridge on the road from Castlemaine and Sandhurst.

No. 60.—MANDURANG.

Commencing on the road from Castlemaine to Sandhurst at the bridge over the Bullock Creek, thence by the centre of that road till it reaches the boundary of the municipality of Sandhurst, thence by the southern, eastern, and northern boundary of the municipality to the point where the creek issues from the municipality, thence by the Bendigo Creek to the northern boundary of the parish of Nolan, thence eastward by that boundary to the Campaspe River ; thence upwards by the Rivers Campaspe and Coliban to the confluence of Myrtle Creek ; thence upwards by that creek to its source in the Mount Alexander Range, being the northern boundary of the county of Talbot, and by that range through Mount Barker to Mount Prospect, thence by a line west by north from Mount Prospect to the south-western angle of the Police Paddock, situated on the road from Castlemaine to Sandhurst at the south-eastern angle of the parish of Ravenswood ; thence northerly by the centre of that road passing Fenton's pre-emptive section to the commencing point, namely, the bridge over the Bullock Creek.

No. 61.—SANDHURST.

Commencing at a point on the ridge which divides Commissioners' and Iron Bark Gullies, bearing north 42 degrees west, 14 chains 64 links from the northern angle of section 24 B, township of Sandhurst ; thence bearing south 47 degrees 40 minutes west, 64 chains; thence south 32 degrees 40 minutes west, 90 chains ; thence south 17 degrees 5 minutes west, 66 chains 50 links ; thence south 73 degrees 53 minutes east, crossing Bendigo Creek, 75 chains 40 links ; thence north 16 degrees east, 60 chains ; thence north 36 degrees east, 47 chains ; thence north 59 degrees 30 minutes east, 101 chains ; thence north 39 degrees 40 minutes east, 43 chains ; thence north 13 degrees 30 minutes east, 228 chains ; thence north 66 degrees 30 minutes west, 57 chains, again crossing Bendigo Creek ; thence south 24 degrees 45 minutes west, 174 chains ; and thence south 33 degrees 30 minutes west, 73 chains to the commencing point.

No. 62.—MALDON.

Commencing on the Loddon River, near the junction of the Bet Bet Creek, at the north-western angle of the parish of Neereaman; thence by the northern boundary of that parish due east along the southern boundary of the parishes of Shelbourne and Ravenswood to the Police Paddock on the road from Castlemaine to Sandhurst ; thence

by a line east by south from the south-western angle of that paddock to the boundary of the county of Talbot near Mount Prospect; thence by Barker's Creek to its entrance into the borough of Harcout ; thence by a line west to the Sandhurst road; thence south to Barker's Creek by the borough boundary, and by Barker's Creek to the boundary of the borough of Castlemaine ; thence westward and southward to Campbell's Creek, and by Campbell's Creek to the confluence of the latter with the Loddon River; thence downwards by the Loddon to the commencing point, namely, to the north western angle of the parish of Baringhup East.

No. 63.—GIPPS LAND NORTH.

Commencing on the coast at the mouth of the Merriman Creek; thence by that creek and the northern boundary of the electoral district of South Gipps Land to Buneep ; thence northerly by the Buneep Creek and a line heading the branches of the Yarra Yarra (leaving the Baw Baw diggings on the east) to the Dividing Range ; thence north-easterly by the Dividing Range to a point due north from the source of the Wongunganna River ; thence south to that river ; thence south-easterly by that river to its confluence with the Wonnangatta River ; thence by a line due east by North Hill, and passing to the south of the Fainting Range to the Snowy River ; thence by the Snowy River and the coast to the commencing point, namely, the mouth of the Merriman Creek.

No. 64.—GIPPS LAND SOUTH.

Commencing at the mouth of Merriman Creek, on the Ninety-mile Beach, bounded on the north by Merriman Creek, to where the road from Tarraville to Rosedale crosses said creek near Bayless' pre-emptive right; thence by a line west 14 degrees to Buneep; on the west by the county of Mornington to Cape Patterson; on the south and south-east by the sea-coast to the commencing point.

No. 65.—CAPE HOWE.

Commencing on the coast at the mouth of the Snowy River; thence northerly by that river to its intersection with the New South Wales boundary line; thence south-easterly by said boundary to the coast of Cape Howe; thence by the coast (including Gabo Island) to the commencing point, namely, the mouth of the Snowy River.

No. 66.—THE SHIPPING.

The Waters of Port Phillip Bay and the Rivers flowing thereinto.

No. 67.—THE SHIPPING.

The Out-Ports, Bays, and Harbors outside Port Phillip Heads.

W. H. ARCHER,

Registrar General.

SUMMARY TABLES AND TABULAR RESULTS.

For General Summary of CountiesseeTable XIII.

NOTE.—This Table may be read thus:—The population of Anglesey in 1851 was 767, and in the interval between that and the Census of 1054 it decreased 174, or 22.7 per cent ; and in the period between the Censuses of 1857 and 1861 the increase was 851 on a population of 896 persons, being at the rate of 94.7 per cent ; making the total number of inhabitants 1749 at the late census. Or it may be read perpendicularly, thus :—In the period between the Censuses of 1857 and 1861, the increase on the whole population being 31.5 per cent., the increase on the population of the Wimmera district was 395.3 per cent., on that of Grant County 3 per cent., and on that of Bourke County 24.9 per cent.

NOTE.—This Table may be read in connection with the preceding one thus :—County of Anglesey—While the number of Both Sexes, including Chinese, in the interval between the Censuses of 1854 and 1857, increased 51.4 per cent., the Males, excluding Chinese, increased 55.5 per cent. ; and in the interval between the Censuses of 1857 and 1861, while the increase of Both Sexes, inclusive of Chinese, was 94.7 per cent. the increase of Males, exclusive of Chinese, was but 87.2 per cent. Reading it in connection with the succeeding Table, wherein, as in this Table, the Chinese and Aborigines are excluded, the comparison will be in all instances exact.

NOTE.—This Table may be read in connection with the preceding one thus :—Total of the County—While the Males in the interval between the Censues of 1854 and 1857 increased 55.0 per cent., the Females increased 80.2 per cent. ; and in the interval between the Censuses of 1857 and 1861, while the Males increased 27.4 per cent., the Females increased 44.7 per cent.

INHABITED HOUSES.—The figures in this column embrace only erections used as dwelling houses ; stores occupied on the Census night by watchmen or caretakers, offices by office keepers, and pubic institutions (in all 510 in number), being excluded. If the occupants of these were omitted also in calculating the persons to a house, it would, in the case of the counties, make a small fractional difference, but scarcely such as to warrant the trouble of taking them out from the total population.

PERSONS TO INHABITED HOUSES.—With reference to the decrease of persons to each inhabited house in Anglesey in 1861, as compared with 1857, it may be observed that the settlement of miners and others occupying small habitants in a district previously purely pastoral would disturb the proportion of persons to houses, without any alteration in the house accommodation of the previous inhabitants having taken place. It will, therefore, be understood that the smaller number of persons to a houses may be as much a result of the introduction of an inferior clas of dwellings as of the dwellings being less crowded. The great alteration in the persons to a house indicates, whatsoever the cause, a great change in circumstances of the population, taken in the aggregate.

This Table may be read horizontally thus :—Omitting decimal points, in Anglesey there were per 1000 square miles but 57 inhabited dwellings in 1857, and 185 in 1851 ; and there were 83 persons for every 10 houses in 1857, and 53 persons for every 10 houses in 1861. In Bourke the proportion was 17,275 houses per 1000 square miles in 1857, and 22,533 in 1861 ; and the proportion of persons to houses in the former year were 81, and in the latter 48, for every 10 houses.

This Table may be read horizontally thus :—Of the total enumerated European population on land 73 per cent. (or more accurately 7,325 in 10,000) dwelt in houses of brick, stone, &c., in 1861 ; and but 69 per cent. (or more accurately 6,925 in 10,000) in 1857 ; and the dwellers in tents, &c., amounted only to 2,675 in 10,000 in 1861, and in 1857 they numbered 3,075 in 10,000. Vertically it may be read thus :—In 1861, in Anglesey, 65 per cent. of the population (exclusive of Chinese, &c.) resided in houses of brick, stone, &c. ; in Bourke 95 per cent., and in the Wimmera only 24 per cent. ; and the residents in tent were 34 per cent., in Anglesey, 4 per cent. in Bourke, and 75 per cent. in the Wimmera district.

NOTE.—In a Supplementary Table (next following) will be found subdivisions of columns 5 and 9 of this Table, with explanatory notes appended thereto, respecting habitations with canvas roofs, and the interpretation given to the word " hut," &c.

NOTE.—This Table may be read in connection with the preceding one horizontally, thus :—Of the 26.75 per cent. of the population (total of Colony), shown in column 9 of preceding Table, as residing under canvas roofs, in huts, and camping out, 19.83 per cent. belonged to the first-mentioned class, 6.41 to the second, and 0.51 to the last ; and the residents in tents, &c., combined with the travelers, amounted to 20.33 per cent. or to 2,033 in 10,000. Vertically the Table may be read thus :—The average for the whole population shown that 1,963 in 10,000 of the population lived under canvas roofs, while the proportion for the Wimmera amounted to 6,589 in 10,000, and in Bourke only to 332 in 10,000.

HABITATIONS HAVING CANVAS ROOFS.—This expression is used in contradistinction to tents, it having appeared from remarks on the householders' schedules, respecting those dwellings in the construction of which canvas is employed, that a greatly increased proportion of them, as compared with 1857, are very superior to tents properly so called. Framed tents with boarded and even corrugated iron sides are very common, and numerous instances occur of tents being sheltered by wooden and even iron files. Though the degrees of difference in the construction, as described in the schedules, of this class of dwellings, could scarcely be statistically reduced, the improvement in the way of shelter afforded is undoubtedly tantamount to an increase in the per centage of houses constructed of wood or iron.

HUTS.—The descriptions of dwellings now separately classified under the head of huts, were, in the classification adopted in the Census of 1857, placed with tents, in consequence of their more nearly approaching, in the degree of shelter and accommodation afforded, to that kind of habitation, than to houses properly so called ; but with the decreasing tendency of the inhabitants of the mining districts to move from place to place, this class of immoveable dwellings has become so numerous, comparatively, that they may almost be considered to have sprung into existence since then. Though it would not, for the reasons assigned above, be statistically accurate in comparing the proportions of the population dwelling in tents in the years 1861 and 1857 respectively (columns 9 and 10 of preceding Table), to contrast only the per centages given in column 7 of this Table with those given in column 10 of preceding Table ; yet it may be observed that it would not be unjust to do so. It is not, however, to be inferred from this remark that the comparison made in the preceding Table incorrectly represents the house accommodation at the two periods, inasmuch as these huts, though fixtures, may be on an average, as they certainly, in many cases, are severally, inferior to tents. It is only intended to make known that the component parts which make up the numbers given in column 5 and 6, and 9 and 10, of preceding Table, are not identical.

It is further to be noted that all habitations styled " huts " are not embraced in column 2. In the pastoral districts almost all the dwellings on a station are called huts, consequently the term is often applied to a very good description of houses, as shown by such returns as " Four-roomed Brick Hut," " Four-roomed Stone Hut," " Five-roomed Weatherboard Hut." As these erections would elsewhere than on a station be denominated houses, they have actually been so classed in these returns ; the word " hut ' having been restricted, so far as the information furnished enabled it to be dorse, to that ruder and more incomplete description of abode usually implied by the term.

CULTIVATION.—The Agricultural Statistics are collected annually, for the year ending the 31st March ; the collections have, therefore, been almost concurrent with, the enumerations of the population. This Table may be read horizontally thus, omitting decimal points :—For every 1,000 square miles (column " Persons to a Square Mile ") the Colony had 6,181 inhabitatnts in 1861, and 4,639 in 1857 ; for every 1,000 inhabitants there were, in 1861, 7,464 acres sold, and but 5,677 in 1857 ; for every 1,000 of the population 784 acres were cultivated in the season preceding the Census of 1861, and 447 acres in that preceding the Census of 1857 ; of which cultivated land the proportion placed under wheat amounted to 301 acres for every 1,000 persons in 1861, and but 199 for every 1,009 in 1857. Vertically the Table may be read thus :—In Anglesey, in 1861, there were 10,824 acres of land allenated per 1,000 of the population ; in Bourke 4,515 ; and the Hampden 69,636 acres, or over 69 acres per head. The land in cultivation in 1861 amounted in Anglesey to 872 acres per 1,000 persons, 531 acres in Bourke, and 2,031 in Dalhousie ; and of this the proportion appropriated to wheat amounted in Bourke to 158 acres, in Dalhousie to 601 acres, and in Heytesbury to 2,339 acres per 1,000 persons.

ACRES SOLD.—These totals for the Colony give the acres sold correctly, but exceed the sums of the columns to the extend of the fractional parts of an acre, which are omitted in the several counties.

For General Summary of Electoral Provinces,seeTable XIV.

NOTE.—This Table may be read thus :—Columns 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.—The population of the Central Province according to the Census of 1854 was 78,763. and, in the interval between that and the Census of 1857, it had increased by 20,358 or 25.8 per cent., making it 99,121 at the latter period ; and between the Censuses of 1857 and 1861 a further augmentation of 18,656, being an increase of 18.3 per cent. was found to have taken place. Columns 1, 8, and 9.—The density of population in the Central Province in 1861 was 2,463 to a square mile ; in the South Province 13 to a square mile ; and in the whole Colony, excluding the shipping and the estimate for unenumerated population, a little more than six persons (6-16) to a square mile.

NOTE.—This Table maybe read thus :—Column 7.—In the Central Province there are 504 dwellings to each square mile, while in the Eastern Province there is but 0.34 to a square mile or one dwelling to three square miles ; otherwise, the proportion of dwellings to area is, in the Central Province, 50,450 per 100 square miles, and in the Eastern province 34 dwellings per 100 square miles. Column 8.—In the Central Province there are 4.67 dwellings of all descriptions to each elector, or 467 dwellings for every 100 electors, while in the Eastern Province there are 1,180 for every 100 electors ; and (Column 9 excluding tents, huts, &c., but including uninhabited houses of brick, stone, wood, or iron, there are 493 houses of the more durable materials in the Central Province for every 100 electors, and 505 for every 100 in the Eastern Province. Column 10.—There are over 11 male inhabitants (exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines) for each elector of the Central Province ; over 12 for each elector of the South Province ; and over 28 for each elector of the North-Western Province.

NOTE.—This Table may be read vertically thus :—Proportion of male inhabitants to representatives (Column 6)—Taking the aggregate of Electoral Districts there were, at the period of the Census, 3,823 male inhabitants, of all ages, (exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines) to each representative ; but in the Ararat district the proportion was as low as 1,039, while in the Crowlands district it amounted to 8,471 to a representative.Proportion of electors to male inhabitants(Column 7)—For every 100 males, of all ages, in the colony (exclusive of Chinese and Aborigines) 56 were on the Electoral Roll, while in the Ararat district the proportion was 62, and in the Crowlands district 94, or, more exactly, the proportions respectively are 5,654, 6,290, and 9,442, for every 10,000.Proportion of electors to inhabited buildings(Column 8)—For every 100 inhabited buildings there were 130 electors—in the Ararat district the proportion was below the average, being but 118, and in the Crowlands district above the average, being 125 for every 100 dwellings.Proportion of electors to houses of brick, stone, &c.(Column 9)—Excluding tents and other dwellings of a temporary description, the average of the colony gives 215 electors for every 100 dwellings of a permanent character ; but the proportion in the Ararat district amounts to 471, and in the Crowlands districts to 1,967 electors for every 100 houses of brick, stone, wood, &c.

ELECTORAL ROLLS.—The collection of the Electoral Rolls and Census having been concurrent, the comparison of electors with population can in few instances be affected by movements of the people.

NORTH MELBOURNE.—It may be observed that the proportion of electors to houses, shown in Column 9, is less in the instance of this Electoral District, and of some others, than the proportion shown in Column 8. This arises from the number of uninhabited dwelling houses, which are included in Column 9, and omitted from Column 8, being greater than the number of inhabited tents and dwellings having canvas roofs, which are excluded from the former and included in the latter.

This Table may be read thus :—West Melbourne contains 5,801 persons to a square mile, North Melbourne 3,906, and East Melbourne 21,635 ; and the Inhabited Dwellings in these electoral districts are respectively 1,088, 880, and 4,155 to a square mile.The acres to a personmay, omitting decimal points, be read thus :—There are in North Melbourne 16 acres for every 100 persons, in Collingwood 8 acres for every 100 persons, and in Richmond 16 acres for every 100 persons ; and retaining decimal points, thus :—There are 8 acres (8.7) for each inhabitant in South Bourke, 21 acres for each inhabitant in East Bourke, and nearly 30 acres (29.9) for each inhabitant of West Bourke.The acreage to an inhabited dwellingmay be read thus :—In Maryborough there are 75, in Castlemaine 18, and in Creswick 50 acres to a house.

NOTE.—As the existing Electoral Districts were arranged subsequently to the Census of 1857, the increase or decrease of each cannot be shown.

AREA.—It will be observed that the area of the Colony, as shown in this table, is less than the generally received computation which is given in the preceding tables (55,571,840 acres). It is therefore necessary to remark that this calculation has been specially made in this department for this tables, and, it may be added, nearly approaches Mr. Surveyor Skene's computation. The difference between the two calculations is confined to and only affects the proportions given for the Avoca, Mandurang, Murray, Wimmera, and Crowlands electoral districts, and those for the whole Colony. It may likewise be noticed, that if the total of the column containing the area in square miles be reduced to acres the result will not precisely agree with the total of the column containing the area in acres. The discrepancy is owing to the area in square mils being stated only to the nearest tenth of a mile.

EAST BOURKE BOROUGHS.—The excess of population in this district, as compared with the number of dwellings, is owing to its including the Pentridge Stockade and the Yarra Bend Lunatic Asylumn.

This Table may be read thus :—The population within the area to which the corporate limits of Melbourne extended previous to the disconnection, and formation into separate municipalities, of Fitzroy, Hotham, and Macarthur wards, amounted to 52,720 in 1857, and to 59,079 in 1861, showing an increase of 6,350, or 12 per cent. Of Inhabited Houses the increase during the same period has been from 9,877 to 11,929, exceeding the rate of the increase of population by the ratio which 20.7 per cent. bears to 13 per cent. And the increase which has taken place within the reduced area to which the City of Melbourne in now confined is shown in the supplementary part of the Table to 2693, being only an increase of 7.9 per cent. (79 in 1,000), while the increase of inhabited houses has been 16.5 per cent (165 in 1,000). In the disconnected districts the increase has been as follows :—Fitzroy,population 10.9 per cent., and houses 17.6 per cent. ;Hotham,population 17.2 per cent., and houses 21.7 per cent. ;Sandridge, population 77.5 per cent., and house 100.7 per cent.

GEELONG.—The corporate limits of this town have likewise been reduced by the formation of the two municipalities of South Barwon and of Newtown and Chilwell. Statistics of Geelong, according to the boundaries of 1861, will be found by reference to the General Summary of Municipalities, Table XVI.

INCREASE OF POPULATION IN SEAPORT TOWNS.—With reference to this increase it may be well to observe that, since the Census of 1857, the Municipalities of Footscray, Brunswick, Hawthorn, Kew, and Brighton have sprung into existence, all of which may be considered suburban to Melbourne, and, consequently, seaport ; and if the population of these (10,366) be added to the seaport municipalities formed previous to 1857, it would raise the number of the inhabitants of the seaport municipalities, in 1861, to 153,404 ; but though this addition would all be an increase to the seaport population under municipal government, it cannot all be reckoned an actual increase, inasmuch as these places contained a considerable population in 1857.

NOTE.—Additional statistics of these towns and municipalities will be found in the General Summary of Municipalities, Table XVI.

NOTE.—This may be read horizontally thus :—The increases of Males in the City of Melbourne, within the corporate limits of 1857, has been but 6.3 per cent., while the increase of Females has been 18.2 per cent. ; but viewing this increase in connection with the proportions given in Columns 9 and 10, it appears that a great disparity in the numbers of the two sexes obtained in 1857, and that in 1861 there were, notwithstanding this progress, but 90 females for every 100 males in the district. In the total population of the seaport towns, the increase of females has been nearly double the increases of males, being in the proportion of 18.9 to 9.7 per cent., bringing the two sexes very nearly to an equality—the proportion having risen from 92 to 99 females for every 100 males. Read vertically, the Table shows the highest rate of increases in the seaport municipalities to have taken place in Sandridge, where the males have increased 39.1 per cent. and the females 105.1 per cent. It moreover presents the fact that the females now exceed the males in Fitzroy, East Collingwood, Richmond, Prahran, St. Kilds, Williamstown, Geelong, Belfast, and Portland.

NOTE.—The number given for the Migratory Population is partly deduced from the number of Schedules distributed, and, by reason of removals, not collected either by the sub-enumerators by whom they were issued or by any others, so far as could be traced ; an is made up of persons reported to the collection to have been encamped in their districts on the census night, but whom they did not succeed in enumerating. No attempt is made to form an estimate of those who may have altogether escaped the cognizance of the collectors, of whom there must undoubtedly be a considerable number in a country where parties are out prospecting in remote places, and destroys of concealment.